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CHAPTER 12: GRAVITATIONAL, CHEE ZI QING A20SC0043, image - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 12: GRAVITATIONAL
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitational
gravitational force, F = GMm / r^2 (unit= N)
G = const 39 in calculator and can be measured by Cavendish Experiment
Cavendish Experiment
always acting towards centre of the Earth
Vector Form of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitational
gravitational force, F = -GMm / r^2
negative sign indicates the force is attractive
Gravity Near the Eart's Surface: Geophysical Applicattion
gravitational field strength / gravity acceleration, g = F/m
gravity is different at various place because Earth is not perfectly sphere
g = -GM / r^2
gravitational,g vs distance,r
Satellites and "Weightlessness"
tangential speed must be high enough to avoid Sattelite return to Earth
Weightless sensations exist when all contact forces are removed
Kepler's Laws and Newton's Synthesis
First Law: Planetary orbits are elliptical with the sun at a focus.
Second Law: The radius vector from the sun to a planet sweeps equal areas in equal times.
Third Law: The ratio of the square of the period of revolution and the cube of the ellipse semimajor axis is the same for all planets.
T^3 = 4pi^2 a^3 / GM
Gravitational Field
g = F/m
Types of Forces in Nature
Gravity
Electromagnetism
Weak/ Strong niklear force
Principles of Equivalence: Curvature of Space: Black Holes
A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing—no particles or even electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from it
Equivalence principle, fundamental law of physics that states that gravitational and inertial forces are of a similar nature and often indistinguishable
CHEE ZI QING A20SC0043
