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The first Tudors and the Reformation, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, For her intolerance…
The first Tudors and the Reformation
The first Tudor king: Henry VII.
first monarch of Tudor dynasty
political alliances through marriages
his eldest son Arthur married Catherine of Aragon (aunt of Emperor of Spain)
his daughter Margaret, married James IV of Scotland
period of unbroken pace+prosperity
laid foundations of English Humanismus+promoted a Renaissance programme
The accession of Henry VIII.
allegiance to Catholic cause against Martin Luher very strong: proclamed
defensor fidei
(defender of the faith) by Pope
Arthur died-> Catherine widow-> Henry VIII thought of beocoming her second husband
Pope refused to grant Henry a divorce from Catherine, who failed to give him a male heir
brother of Arthur+son of Henry VII
The Reformation and the Church of England.
King of England broke with Rome
Act of Supremacy: Chruch of England= indipendent; King proclaimed Head of the Church
Beginning with Reformation: new Protestant aristocracy linked to Tudors by purchase of lands confiscated from monasteries.
Under King, England stated claim to be own mistress in domainds of politics and religion-> herself against Catholic powers of Europe: France+Spain
Religious persecution under Edward VI and Mary I.
Henry's reign-> far from being satisfactory to majority of Englishmen
Radical Protestantism=strong under Edward VI (son of Henry VIII)
Catholic reaction under Mary I (daughter of Catherin of Aragon+wife of King Philip II of Spain)
These two reigns, witnessed first persecution of Catholics, then of Protestants
Henry VIII's victims.
His policy met with several opponents at home
Young poet+diplomat Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
2/6 of king's wives, accused of being unfaithful+sentenced to death.
Thomas More (general humanist)
Refused to recognise supremacy of king in ecclesiastical matters->faithful to Church of Rome->beheaded
1
2
3
4
5
For her intolerance in religious matters="Bloody Mary"