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EU as a international economic actor - Coggle Diagram
EU as a international economic actor
purposive and non purposive effects
CAP affected by internal econ
came from Franco German agreement
27 cont being protected against world trade by CAP
countries that want to trade with EU have to pay an entrance fee tariff
overproduce = deflationary affect on product, dangerous for small economies
Common Commercial Policy
most integrated, external economic policy, use EU econ relations for defencing purposed e.g. anti-dumping
also use for trade embargos/sancitons
principal EU policy framework
enlargement: candidate control, not necessarily the next state to join
stabilisation and association process: set up to help former Balkan countries, loads of econ security, set up so these countries can eventually join the EU
European Neighbourhood Policy: don't want to join the EU but offer lots of econ and pol relationships
Black Sea Synergy: eased relationship with Eastern Europe
Strategic Partnerships: key country relationships, doesn't mean they have the most preferential terms with EU
EU trade relations
evolving nature of agreements
1st gen trade agreements (70s) either preferential or non preferential
90s onwards cooperation became more expansive
states agreement with SAP
not just about trade, politics, security, humans rights etc.
characteristics
commitment to rules
based in international systems like WTO
emphasises the importance of law
has to be a way of governing unfair trade
supports socialisation, bring as many countries as possible into WTO
hierarchy of preference
worlds poorest country under 'anything but arms' deal
done to stimulate econ
EU centre of trade agreements
economic statecraft
where EU tried to use power to weight certain stances
favours constructive engagement, socialisation and incentivisation
work within WTO
China wanted to be a large part of WTO, but EU and USA had to make it compliant before joining, almost Westernising it
special economic concession: Cotonou agreement
this is the way the EU deal with developing countries
has to comply with WTO
EU use of Conditionality +/-
if you do x and y EU will offer a deeper relationship
if you don't do x or y we will sanction you
non compliance clause
EU can threaten
90s EU suspended aid to 23 countries in response to violation of human rights (violation of Maastricht Treaty)
EU Development Policy
normally apolitical but increasingly contentious
Ts and Cs more demanding
2012 Agenda for change
aims to make aid more strategic, targeted
EU to demand more commitment and compliance
two main strands
promoting human rights, democracy and good governance
encourages sustainable and inclusive growth enabling people to lift themselves out of poverty
EU must make use of instruments from military to diplomatic engagament
European Security Strategy 2003
security is a precondition for development
Cotonou 2005 amendment and securitisation
3rd states are going have to meet normative criteria to have access to Cotonou
security is a precondition for development