1. Nutrient and Energy Cycling Enhancement in Soil Ecosystem

Crop Rotation

Strategic Tillage

Residue incorporation

IPM

Compost/Manure

Cover Crops

  1. Soil Habitat Enhancement through Strategic Disturbances

Livestock Integration

Residue as soil cover

  1. Above and Below Ground Biodiversity Maintainance

Winter cash crop

Organic agrochemicals

Hedgerows & Riparian Buffers

Agroecological Principles

Management Practices

Functions

Processes

Indicators

  1. Soil Cover Maintenance

Nutrient Cycling

Carbon Cycling

Disease and Pest Control

Food Provision

Water Cycling

Water Storage

Infiltration

Evaporation

Reallocation

Transformation

Stability and Retention

Biotransformation

Decomposition

Resource allocation

Disease/Pest Suppression

Plant N Uptake

Percolation

WRC

Infiltration Rates

ETc

Aggregates

Mineralization

Soil Organic Matter

Nitrification/Denitrification

Microbial Respiration

Community Assembly (PLFA)

Pest & Disease Damage

Abundance of Weeds

Abundance of n.e.

Total Crop N

Total crop biomass

Marketable Yields

Water Balance

Transpiration

Bioturbation

Sub-processes

Aggregation

Fragmentation

Plant health promotion

Runoff

Soil resistance

Aggregate Stability (Which method?)

Fruit Nutient Content

Yields/ha-1

24h CO2 burst

enzymes

β-glucosidase

Inorganic N (won't capture rates)

Potentially mineralizable N

Particulate organic matter (POM)

Minerally associated organic matter (MAOM)

Potentially mineralizable C

NUE