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Cellular Biology - Coggle Diagram
Cellular Biology
What is a Cell?
Cell Theory
1) All living things are made of one or more cells.
2) The cell is the smallest unit of life.
3) All cells come from pre-existing cells.
People who contributed to cell theory:
Rudolf Virchow
Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
Theodor Schwann
Robert Hooke
The functional, structural and physiological unit of all living things. We are all made up of cells.
Robert Hooke is who named the cell.
Cells specialize to become the variety of cells within multicellular organisms.
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Contains a cell wall, a plasma membrane, a flagella, ribosomes, and a nucleoid.
Prokaryotic Cells do not have a nucleus, are very small, inhabit extreme places, and have a cell wall called the peptidoglycan.
They divide by Binary Fission.
Eukaryotic Cells
Contains a nucleus, a lysosome, a ER, centrioles, a mitochondria, a Golgi apparatuys, cytoplasm, a plasma membrane, and a nuclear pore.
Eukaryotic Cells can be animals and plants.
The Cell Cycle
Interphase
G1:
growth, protein synthesis, increase in the amount of mitochondria and/or chloroplasts
S:
The replication of the DNA
G2:
growth, protein synthesis, preparation for
mitosis/cytokinesis
Mitosis/Nuclear Divsion
Prophase:
The seperation of the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.
Metaphase:
The nucleus diffuse and the cell's chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the cell.
Anaphase:
The split of the chromosomes and the sister chromatids move towards the opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase
: The chromosomes arrive at the cell poles, the mitotic spindle disassembles, and the vesicles that contain fragments of the original nuclear membrane assemble around the two sets of chromosomes.
Cytokinesis
Cellular division: Also refered to as mitosis, it's the process of making new body cells.
:
Characterstics of Living Beings
Ability to reproduce
Ability to grow.
Ability to metabolize.
Ability to adapt to the environment.
Ability to respire
Are made up of cells.
