Cellular Biology

Characteristics of living beings

Definitions

Types of Cells

Physiological

Reproductive unit

Anatomical

Types of eukaryotic cells

Living things demonstrate a variety of characteristics to various degrees: they respire, move, respond to stimuli, reproduce and grow, and are dependent on their surroundings.

The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living things. Every cell is made up of a cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane that contains numerous macromolecules such as proteins, DNA, and RNA, as well as numerous tiny molecules of nutrients and metabolites. The phrase stems from the Latin word cellular meaning 'small room'.

The plant cell is referred to as a physiological unit since it is capable of performing physiological tasks as a single organism.

Cellular reproduction is the process by which cells copy their contents before dividing to produce many cells with similar, if not identical, contents.

Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes are organisms with nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotes are organisms that lack a nucleus and other organelles in their cells.

Plants

Animals

Protists

Fungi

A cellular nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Chloroplasts, cell walls, and a large central vacucle.

Do not have chloroplasts or chlorophyll.

Enclosed by a plasma membrane and containing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles.