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NATIONALISM: INDEPENDENCE AND UNIFICATIONS - Coggle Diagram
NATIONALISM: INDEPENDENCE AND UNIFICATIONS
1 NATION AND NATIONALISM
Nationalism, political interpretation of this identity and these aspirations
influenced by different causes.
Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna
organised the map of Europe based on their interests
helped generate nationalist aspirations
development of the liberal economy
influenced nationalism
States with internal markets free of privileges, barriers to trade, and uniform laws throughout the territory
favoured economic growth and industrialisation
Liberalism
since the great monarchies were absolutist regimes, many people felt liberal and nationalist at the same time
was seen in the revolutionary waves of the 19th century
THE INDEPENDENCE OF LATIN AMERICA
Napoleonic invasion of Spain in 1808 had repercussions in Latin America
in the Iberian Peninsula, the cabildos or governments in America formed juntas locales as government bodies.
establishment of the juntas marked the start of the road to independence for the Latin American nations
CONSEQUENCES OF THE EMANCIPATION OF LATIN AMERICA
Political consequences
he system of government in the new countries was a republic, but the military imposed itself on civil governments.
Economic consequences
Spain’s economic dependence was replaced by that of Great Britain and the United States
Social consequences
The criollos obtained the political power they wanted and consolidated their economic power
THE UNIFICATION OF GERMANY
German Confederation replaced the Holy Empire
eastern part
powerful Kingdom of Prussia maintained an authoritarian and disciplined political and military organisation
south part
the Austrian Empire, part of which was within the German Confederation
independent territories ruled by princes, coexisted between the two. There were also other German territories that depended on Denmark
Diet
It was opposed to liberalism and nationalist movements
, and this collided with the economic interests of the urban bourgeoisie and their liberal ideas
In 1834, Prussia therefore took the initiative and created the Zollverein
THE UNIFICATION OF ITALY
italians were divided into many territories with different political systems.
Naples and Sicily in the south formed a monarchy governed by the Bourbon dynasty.
duchies of Tuscany, Parma and Modena were located in the central area, and Pope Pius IX reigned over the Papal States, with their capital in Rome.
rest of the north was occupied by Austria. It was the richest region and included Milan and Venice.
the north-west, there was an independent kingdom, Piedmont-Sardinia, ruled by the Savoy dynasty
Cavour
prime minister of Piedmont, allied with the French and defeated the Austrians at the battles of Magenta and Solferino in 1859