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SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM
Reign of Fernando VII and the return to absolutism
After restoration of absolutism liberal military uprisings followed and were then repressed
In 1820, troops under Lieutenant Colonel Riego revolted against Fernando VII in Cabezas de San Juan and restored Constitution of 1812
Trienio Liberal was an unstable period because of conflict between moderate liberals and radical or fanatic liberals and absolutists
Década ominosa
In 1823 Fernando VII invoked Treaty of Holly Alliance between absolutist powers
Thousand Sons of Saint Louis invaded Spain and the absolutist throne was finally anti-liberal and conservative measures
Fernando VII began to make contact with doceañistas to ensure that theyr supported his plan for his daughter Isabel
In 1833 Fernando VII died, and his daughter Isabel inherited the throne
Fernando VII passed a new law before his death: Pragmatica Sancion
A civil war between Carlos's supporters and Isabel's, the First Carlist War
Reign of Isabel II: Moderate Liberalism
Isabel II inherited the crown, she had two regents: Maria Cristina and General Espartero
Military victory over the Carlists. Carlists supported absolutism and Isabel's supporters wanted a transition to moderate liberalism. Isabel's supported won
Establishment of constitutional monarchy. Absolutism of Old Regime was disappearing, judicial power was in hands of courts
Two-party system. Represented the two types of liberalism: moderate party and progressive party
Constitutions. The first was written by progressive parliament and the sencond was approved by moderate parliament
Centralism. Moderantism imposed a strongly centralised government
Desamortizaciones. Land was expropriated by state to be sold at public auction
Alternation in power and military rebellions
Progressives resorted to military uprising, was a coup d'etat supported by combination of political, military and popular action
Decada Moderada, government's position was conservative based on Constitution
Bienio Progresista, group of moderate, progressive and democratic troops seized power in rebellion known as Vicalvarada
Crisis of moderatism, Moderate party and Liberal Union alternated power
Progressives, democrats, republicans and Liberal Union signed the Pact of Ostend
Sexenio democratico: democratic liberalism
Revolution of 1868
Based on agreement made in Ostend, progressive General Juan Prim and General Serrano organised the Revolution of 1868
Spanish Parliament approved new constitution
Democratic monarchy under Amadeo I
Constitution of 1869 established a democratic monarchy
First Republic
Were four presidents: Figueras, Pi i Margall, Salmeron and Castelar. None of them managed to resolve the political disagreement amongst republicans about degree of federalism state should have
GENERAL PAVIA'S COUP D'ÉTAT
Carlism weakened the government who was overthrown by a coup d'état led by General Pavia
