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Module 7: Organic Chemistry - Coggle Diagram
Module 7: Organic Chemistry
Nomenclature
Alkanes
for the amount of carbons in the longest chain, use the prefix for it. eg 6 carbons = hex- 2. use the suffix -ane
Alkenes
for the amount of carbons in the longest chain, use the prefix for it. eg 6 carbons = hex- 2. use the suffix -ene
Alkynes
for the amount of carbons in the longest chain, use the prefix for it. eg 6 carbons = hex- 2. use the suffix -yne
Alcohols
use prefix alk 2. indicate the position of the -OH group 3.
Aldehydes (aldehydes)
use prefix of the number of carbons in the longest chain 2. use suffix -al
Ketones
Carboxylic acids
use suffix -amide 2. indicate the position of the side chain N- at the start
Amines
Amides
functional groups
for any functional groups indicate where on the chain it is located using a number eg hex-1-ane, if there are multiple occurances of the same functional group in the compound can be indicated using prefixes eg di tri
Hydrocarbons
Functional Groups
Alkenes
Alkanes
Alkynes
Properties within homologous series
Melting/boiling point increasing with chain length
The longer the chain, the less soluble in polar and more with nonpolar
Density increases with chain length
Safety
Implications of obtaining and using
Political
Social
Environmental
Products of Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons
Hydrogenation
Halogenation
Hydrohalogenation
Hydration
Substitution
Alcohols
Functional Groups
Primary alcohols
Secondary alcohols
Tertiary alcohols
Properties within homologous series
Melting/ boiling point increasing with chain length
Solubility decreases as chain length increases
Quite reactive - depends on position of hydroxyl group
Reactions
Combustion
Dehydration
Halogenation
Oxidation
Production
Methanol (catalysed reaction)
Ethanol (fermentation)
Hydration
Substitution
Polymers
Reactions of Organic Acids and Bases
Functional Groups
Alcohols
Primary alcohols
Secondary alcohols
Tertiary alcohols
Aldehydes and ketones
Amines and amides
Carboxylic acids
Production of Esters
Soaps and detergents