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Research - Coggle Diagram
Research
Evidence
Definition
Facts that confirm or disprove conclusions
Quantitative Sources of Evidence (Strongest to Weakest)
Meta-analyses/Systematic Reviews, RCTs, Cohort, Case, Cross sectional, Animal trials/In-vitro
Meta-Analyses (Not a single study, Uses multiple studies and making inference from these)
Systematic Reviews (Searches to include all relevant literature)
RCT (Effect/Outcome/Tx is caused by intervention)
Cohort/Case studies (Weaker coz non-experimental)
Animal trials/in-vitro (Bottom coz not done on humans themselves)
Types
Evidence-Based Practice
Making decisions based on research + individual clinical experience
Evidence Informed Practice
Making decisions that is not limited on research, includes individual clinical experience, local data and values, patient preferences and values
More inclusive
Evidence-Informed Process
Ask
Acquire
Appraise
Apply
Assess
Paradigms
Types
Positivist
Constructivist
Definition
World view
History
James Lind first conducted the first ever RCT = Discovered effectiveness of VitC to prevent scurvy
He then realized the need to appraise and synthesize all trials
Florence Nightingale
Archie Cochrane calls for critical summaries of evidence
Joanna Briggs Institute is founded
Purpose was to develop a worldwide collaboration to address global health priorities
Critical summaries - Strengths and weaknesses of the sources
Said that "always assume that a tx is ineffective unless there is evidence to the contrary"
Importance: Guides our practice