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Fracture in the Arm, innervates, Types - Coggle Diagram
Fracture in the Arm
Types and management of Fractures
Transverse
The break is in a straight line across the bone
Spiral
The break spirals around the bone; common in a twisting injury.
Oblique
The break is diagonal across the bone
Longitudinal fractures
occur along (or nearly along) the axis of the bone.
Comminuted.
The bone has broken into three or more pieces and fragments are present at the fracture site
Management
Apply ice packs to limit swelling
Immobilize the injured area
ANATOMY OF
ARM
Biceps Brachii
Choracobrachiallis
Brachialis
Triceps Brachii
Gross & microstructure of bony tissue
-Typical long bone anatomy
Blood supply to long bones
Epiphyseal and metaphyseal arteries
Enter the bone near both ends
Nutrient artery
Pierces the middle of the shaft
Periosteal arteries
Small arteries entering through foramina
Branches and enter haversian canals
-Bone cells
Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Bone classifications
Compact
solid with no spaces
Spongy
consists of trabeculae
Physiotherapeutic modalities in peripheral nerve lesions
Electrotherapy
a range of treatments using electricity to reduce pain, improve circulation, repair, and promote bone growth
Passive Physiotherapy
involves pain management
Active Physiotherapy
A patient will begin to see actual joint and muscle movement
Neuromuscular Re-education
Exercises that are designed to re-develop normal, controlled movement patterns
Types of splints used to immobilize fractures
Sling and swathe splint
Finger splints
Long arm splints
Sugar-tong splints
FIRST LINE OF TREATMENT OF MSK INJURIES
Rest
Ice
COMPRESSION
Elevation
Anatomy of the radial and axillary nerves
Brachial Plexus
The axillary nerve
one of five peripheral nerves that run through your shoulder.
The radial nerve
The muscles located in the posterior arm and posterior forearm
Type and process of ossification
The process of bone formation
Intramembranous Ossification
Bone is formed directly from mesenchymal connective tissue (no cartilaginous model)
Endochondral Ossification
Bone is indirectly formed from mesenchymal cells via the cartilaginous model in the diaphysis of bones.
wrist drop
Management
Wrist splint
Physical therapy
Surgery
A disorder caused by an injury to the radial nerve that supplies the extensor muscles of the wrist
Complications
Muscular atrophy (in the forearm)
Loss of function
Complications of immobilization using casting
poikilothermia
pallor
paresthesia
The process of classical conditioning in learning
Classical conditioning is a form of learning in which a previously neutral stimulus is associated with a biologically potent stimulus, granting it the power to elicit the same reflex
innervates
Types
