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SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM, image, image, image, image,…
SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM
THE REIGN OF FERNANDO VII AND THE RETURN TO ABSOLUTISM
After the restoration of absolutism
Troops under Lieutenant Colonel Riego
Revolted against Fernando VII
Restored the Constitution of 1812
Marked the start of the Trienio Liberal
An unstable period
Because of conflict between
Moderate liberals
Radical or fanatic liberals and absolutists
DÉCADA OMINOSA
Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis
Invaded Spain
The absolutist throne was restored
Fernando VII
Planned his daughter Isabel to succeed him
In 1833, Fernando VII died
His daughter Isabel
Inherited the throne
Fernando VII passed a new law
The Pragmática Sanción
Replaced the Salic Law
Forbade succession by women
Triggered a civil war between
Carlos’s supporters and Isabel’s
First Carlist War
THE REIGN OF ISABEL II: MODERATE LIBERALISM
Isabel II inherited the crown
She was still a minor
She had two regents
Her mother María Cristina
General Espartero
Military victory over the Carlists
Two contenders for the throne
The Carlists supported absolutism
Isabel’s supporters wanted moderate liberalism
The First Carlist War
Was won by Isabel’s supporters
Establishment of a constitutional monarchy
The absolutism
Was disappearing thanks to the separation of powers
The monarchy still maintained
A large portion of power
Isabel held the executive power
Shared the legislative power
With the parliament
Two-party system
There were two political parties
The Moderate Party
The Progressive Party
Constitutions
Two constitutions were established :
The first
Was written by the progressive parliament
The second
Was approved by a moderate parliament
Contained two basic characteristics
Sovereignty was no longer exclusively
In the hands of the monarch
The inequality before the law of the society
Divided into estates of the realm was abolished
Centralism
Moderantism imposed a strongly centralised government
Desamortizaciones
Land was expropriated by the state
To be sold at public auction
ALTERNATION IN POWER AND MILITARY REBELLIONS
The progressives resorted
To a military uprising
The reign of Isabel II went through different stages
The Década Moderada
The government’s position was very conservative
The progressives were marginalised
The recently created Democratic Party
Was suppressed
The Bienio Progresista
It began with a rebellion known as the
Vicalvarada
The
desamortización
of Madoz took place
Crisis of moderantism
The Moderate Party and the Liberal Union
Alternated in power
There was remarkable economic growth
Signed the Pact of Ostend
SEXENIO DEMOCRÁTICO: DEMOCRATIC LIBERALISM
The Revolution of 1868
Progressive General Juan Prim and General Serrano
Organised
La Gloriosa
Isabel II went into exile
Politics was democratised
Spanish Parliament approved a new constitution
The democratic monarchy under Amadeo I
The Parliament did not want a Bourbon monarch
Selected Amadeo of Savoy
As the new king
Great instability and the death of Prim
The new king abdicated after a short reign
The Spanish Parliament declared the First Republic
The First Republic
There were four presidents
During this 11-month period
None of them managed to resolve the political disagreement
Amongst republicans
GENERAL PAVIA’S COUP D’ÉTAT
