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Antivirals - Coggle Diagram

- - - - AZT/Zidovudine (Retrovir)
        
        Mechanism
        
        Looks just like thymidine, but it has one azide group instead of a hydroxyl group
        
        Prodrug - requires activation
        
        Adverse Effects
        
        Bone marrow suppression
        
        Mitochondrial syndrome - lactic acidosis
    - - Nevirapine
        
        Mechanism
        
        binds to a non-essential site that is distant from the enzyme catalytic site
        
        Does not require activation
        
        binds to different site than NRTIs
        
        Active against HIV-1 but not against HIV-2 infections
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Hypersensitivity - Stevens-Johnson syndrome
        
        Liver toxicity
        
        Can Increase the hepatic metabolism of other drugs
  - - - Basically always given together - Cobicistat inhibits atanzanavir metabolism
      - Mechanism
        
        Peptidomimetic drug that inhibits HIV-encoded aspartate protease
      - Adverse effects
        
        Lipodystrophy
        
        Drug interaction - inhibition of metabolism of other drugs
  - - - Inhibits strand transferase activity of integrase and blocks integration of viral nucleic acid into host DNA
- - - - Blocks DNA synthesis
        
        Selectively phosphorylated by Viral thymidine kinase
    - - Herpes infections
      - Not so good against CMV (Cytomegalovirus)
    - - Renal toxicity when the solubility limits of drugs are exceeded
- - - - Inhibits neuramidase
    - - Can reduce duration of infection if administered within 48 hours following onset of clinical illness
      - Treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A&B