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Social Sciense Approaches and Problems
Approaches
The Functionalist Theory Approach
This approach emphasizes the difficulty of affecting only one part of the society with a policy.
The Conflict Theory Approach
Followers of this approach see social behavior in terms of
conflict and tension among competing groups or classes.
The Symbolic Interaction Theory Approach
Followers of this
approach see reality as reflecting less what people do and more what they think and feel.
The Exchange Theory Approach
The exchange theory aproach is one of relative harmony in society, sometimes upset by dysfunction.
Methods
The Historical Method
We can, however, make both historical events and present
social situations much more intelligibly by using the historical method—tracing.
It has been noted that history never really repeats itself. Nevertheless, present and past situations often have striking similarities.
The Case Method
The case method involves making a detailed examination and analysis of a particular issue or problem situation.
More often, the chief purpose of a case study is to throw light on many similar situations that exist in a society.
The Comparative and Cross-Cultural Method
The comparative method was formerly often employed in the hope of discovering evolutionary sequences in the development human institutions
However, comparison of different societies still plays an important role in anthropo-logical studies through what is called the cross-cultural method.
