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3.4 Factors that affect enzyme action - Coggle Diagram
3.4 Factors that affect enzyme action
Temperature
At a higher temperature, the particles have more kinetic energy and move around faster
More collisions occur between active site and substrate
They collide with more energy
Rate of reaction increases
Rate is highest at the optimum
At too high a temperature, the bonds in the enzyme break down (denatures)
The active site is no longer complementary to the substrate, so the reaction cannot occur at all (rate = 0)
pH
Optimum pH differs between enzymes
At a higher or lower pH than the optimum, the enzyme quickly denatures
Enzyme concentration
Initial rate of reaction is directly proportional to enzyme concentration
As you add more enzyme, there are more active sites
Vmax increases, Km remains the same
Substrate concentration
As you increase substrate concentration, initial rate of reaction increases until every active site is full
Once every active site is full due to high substrate concentration, increasing substrate conc. has no effect
Vmax has been reached
Vmax is the rate at which a reaction occurs when all active sites are occupied
Maximum rate of reaction with given number of enzymes