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LEAVES, STEM AND ROOTS - Coggle Diagram
LEAVES, STEM AND ROOTS
Most plants have three parts: the leaves, the stem and the roots.
NUTRITION
All living things need food to get energy to grow. Animals cannot produce their own food but plants can. The process of making food is called photosyntesis
- The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil.
- The mixture of water and minerals is called raw sap.Xylem transports raw sap from the rots and leaves through the stem.
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the leaf through the leaf stomata
- In the chloroplasts (parts of plants cells), chlorophyll collects solar energy. The plant uses this solar energy to transform water, minerals and carbon dioxide into glucose (sugar) and oxigen (O2). Oxygen exits throug the leaf stomata.
- Glucose is the plant's food. Pholem transforms the glucose from leaves to different parts of the plant.
RESPIRATION
- During the day, when the photosyntesis happens, produce more oxygen than they need. They relase the rest of the oxygen into the atmosphere through the leaf stomata.
- At night, when the photosyntesis stop, plants absorb oxygen and relase carbon dioxide.
- All living organisms need oxygen, but plants also produce it.
Plants respiration happens both during the day and the night. It is essential for plants to survive. During respiration, plants exchange gases with the atmosphere.
PHOTOSYNTESIS
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- Plants provide oxygen for a living organisms grow and function properly.
- Plants consume carbon dioxide. This gas is toxic to most living organisms.
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NON-FLOWERING PLANTS
Non-flowering plants do not have flowers, seeds or fruit. They reproduce asexually using spores. They often grow near water.
There are two main groups of non-flowering plants: ferns and mosses
FERNS
Ferns have large leaves called fronds. They produced spores inside sori on the back of the fronds. Ferns have thick stems, called rhizomes, and roots underground.
MOSSES
Mosses are primitive plants. They have very simple stems and leaves. They produce spores inside capsules. Mosses do not have roots. They have rhizods, small hairs that hold the plant in the soil.