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Distribuerede og parallelle systemer - Coggle Diagram
Distribuerede og parallelle systemer
API'er
Shared Memory
OpenMP
pragma omp single
foretages af én tråd
pragma omp parallel for
pragma omp parallel
Pacheco p 238 schedule(<type>[, <chunksize>])
static
dynamic / guided
runtime
auto
POSIX threads
Fordeling af tasks på tråde
Distributed Memory
Message Passing Interface (MPI)
mpi.h
mpicc
mpiexec
MPI_Init
Communicator
collection of processes that can send messages to each other
MPI_COMM_WORLD
SPMD
branhing on data
Process rank
MPI_Finalize
Lokale og globale variable
Algoritme med MPI anvendelse
Odd-Even-Sort
Definitioner
T: tid
Tseriel
Tparallel
p: antal processorer
S: Speedup
S=Ts/Tp
S = 1/((1-F) + F/S)
hvor F er parallel fraktion
r: ikke-paralleliset andel
Amdahl's law
Max{S} <= 1/r
Gustafson's Law
E: Efficiency
E=n/(n+p)
Scalability
Konstrant E ved lineær tilvækst i både problem size og p
Von Neumann
Architecture
CPU
ALU
Registers
Control
Registers
Interconnect
Main Memory
Adresses
Controls
Process
Memory
Eksekverbar maskinkode
Call Stack
Heap
Beskrive af recoursser allokeret af OS
Sikkerhedsinformation om tilgængelige hardware- og software-resourcer
State (Tilstand)
ready to run
waiting on some resource
Indholdet af registrene
Info om sin memory
Flynn's Taxonomy
SISD
SIMD
MISD
MIMD
n: input size
Foster's Methology
1: Partitioning
2: Communication
3: Agglomeration/ Aggregation
4: Mapping
Message Translation Time
l: latency
b: bandwidth
Message Translation Time = l + n/b
gcc
-g
Create information that allows us to use a debugger
-Wall
Issue lots of warnings
-o
outfile: Navn på eksekverbar fil
Algoritmer
Cache
Least Recently Used (LRU)
Tæller tid siden reads
Adaptive Replacement Cahce (ARC)
Most Recently Used (MRU)
Cache-Typer
Write though
Write back
Fully associative
Least Frequently Uses (LFU)
Tæller antal reads
CPU
Round Robin
RAM
bash
gcc
mv: omdøb
Dist><Parallel
Dist
Foranderlig topoligi
Mindre afhængige opgaver
Parallel
Konstant topologi
Mere afhængige opgaver
Eksamenslæsning
Learning Objectives
Pacheco opgaver
Eksamensopgaver
Databar
Semesterplan course documentation