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natural selection and genetic modification - Coggle Diagram
natural selection and genetic modification
classification
order of classification = kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
three domain system
domain 1
eukarya - larger and contain complex structures including a nucleus. These make up animals, plants, protists, and fungi. Have unused sections of DNA.
domain 2
bacteria - are small and have no nucleus. has no unused sections of DNA
prokaryotes
domain 3
archea - have distinctive chemistry and can survive extreme environments. have unused sections of DNA
prokaryotes
the three domain system is above kingdoms
created by carl woese in 1970s
breeds and varieties
stages that lead to natural selection
1) variation
2) competition
3) adaptation
4) natural selection
artificial selection
humans select certain organisms with desirable characteristics and breed them eg sheep with thick wool
selective breeding
1) decide on which characteristic is important
2) choose parents who have those characteristics and breed them together
3) select the best offspring and breed these to make the next generation
4) these offspring are then bred again and again until a desired result is achieved
why do we need breeds and varieties
disease resistance
yield (how much useful product is made)
coping with certain environmental changes
faster growth
flavour
genetic engineering is the changing if the DNA in an organism
advantages
can provide life saving treatments like making sure genetic diseases aren't passed on from parents to child
can be used to make saviour siblings which are genetically identical to ensure that they are completely compatible with a brother or a sister who needs a transplant
can ensure more efficient crops curing famine and food poverty
reasons religion may oppose genetic engineering and reasons to oppose designer babies
interferes with nature
not necessarily improving life of child
designer babies are purely cosmetic
could lead to an unhealthy attitude in society where peoples genetics are routinely changed
people believe its 'playing god' and is seen as violating sanity of life cause life is sacred and belongs to their given deity.
advantages of making insulin from bacteria from bacteria - its quicker, cheaper, and no allergic reaction