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Cynthia Jaimes Per.3 Cardiovascular System - Coggle Diagram
Cynthia Jaimes Per.3 Cardiovascular System
Major Components and Functions of Blood
White blood cells
Destroys pathogenic microrganisms and parasites
Platelets
Helps control loss from broken vessels
Red blood cells
Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
Plasma
Transports nutrients, hormones and proteins to parts of the body
Structures and Functions Difference of Blood Vessels
Capillaries
The smallest
Only has one layer of endothelium
Allows for substances to exchange between blood and tissue fluid
Veins
Has an thinner wall then an artery
Some veins have valves
Carries low-pressure blood
Arteries
Has 3 layers the tunica interna, tunica media and tunica externa
Transports blood away from the heart
Carries high-pressure blood
Are the thickest of blood vessles
Blood Flow
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
RIght Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Valve
Pulmonary Artery
R/L Lungs
Pulmonary Veins
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Blood Type ABO
Type B Blood
Has B antigens on RBC membranes and anti-A antibodies in plasma
Type AB Blood
Has both antigens on RBC and no antibodies in plasna
AB+ is a universal receiver
Type A Blood
Has A antigens on RBC membranes and anti-B antibodies in plasma
Type O Blood
Has no antigens on RCB membrane and both antibodies in plasma
O- is a universal donor
Rh Blood Types
Rh Negative
Rh Positive
Major Blood Vessels
Veins
Axillary Vein
Subclavican Vein
Brachial Vein
Ulnar Vein
Brachiocephalic Vein
Superior Vena Cava
Radial Vein
Internal Jugular Vein
Basilic Vein
External Jugular Vein
Cephalic Vein
Femoral Vein
Great Saphenous Vein
External Iliac vein
Internal Iliac Vein
Common Iliac Vein
Inferior Vena Cava
Arteries
Axillary Artery
Brachial Artery
Radial Artery
Subclavian Artery
Common Carotid Artery
Ulnar Artery
Brachiocephalic Trunk
Common Iliac Artery
Femoral Artery
Thoracic Aorta
Anterior Tibial Artery
Abdominal Aorta
Fibular Artery
Aortic Arch
Ascending Aorta
Anatomy of the Heart
Valves
Bicuspid Valve (left AV)
Prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium (during contraction)
Aorta Valve
Prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle (during relaxation)
Pulmonary Valve
Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle (during relaxation)
Tricuspid Valve (right AV)
Prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium (during contraction)
Atrioventricular Valve
Makes blood flow one-way only from the atria to ventricle
Chambers
Right Ventericle
Holds deoxygenated blood
Pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary trunk
Right Atrium
Holds deoxygenated blood
Left Ventericle
Holds high oxygenated blood
Pumps blood to the systemic circuit through the aorta
Left Atrium
Holds high oxygenated blood
Vital Signs
BP
Force it takes to push blood out
Pulse
The speed of the heart beat
Cardiac Cycle
The ECG
QRS Complex
The repolarization of the atria
The contraction of the ventricles
T Wave
Ventricular repolarization
P Wave
Represents the depolarization of the atria
First wave
Contraction of the atria
Layers of the Heart
Myocardium
Middle layer and the thickest
Pumps blood out of heart chambers
Endocardium
Protects the inners of the heart
Inner layer
Epicardium (Visceral pericardium)
Outer layer
Decreases friction in the heart
Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)
Could be caused by blood clot in artery to the brain, high blood pressure or poor lifestyle choices
Blood flow to a portion of the brain is interrupted
May have severe headaches, confusion or muscle weakness
Some treatments are thrombolytics, blood thinners or lifestyle changes
Endocarditis and Myocarditis
Could be caused by virus, bacterial or fungal infection, rheumatiod arthritis or heart valve damage
May feel heart palpitations, shortness of breath of muscle and joint pain
Inflammation of the heart
Some treatments are antibiotics, diuretics or pacemaker implantation
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Could be caused by limb trauma, obesity or high blood pressure
May feel leg and arm pain, extremity numbness and weakness or weak pulse
Arteries narrow and reduce blood flow to extremities
Some treatments are lifestyle changes, bypass surgery or specialized exercise program
Congenital Heart Disease
May cause tertralogy of fallot, aortic stenosis or pulmonary stonosis
May cause death, cyanosis common or it depends on the condition
Issue with heart structure and/or function present from birth
Some treatments are medication, surgical intervention or some abnormalites may heal on their own
Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
May feel chest pain, dizziness or heart palpitations
Could be caused by a blood clot, obesity or stress
Blood flow to part of the heart is blocked
Some treatments are nitroglycerin, ahgioplasty or lifestyle changes
Major Functions of Cardiovascular System
Removes waste from tissue
Supplies oxygen and nutrients to tissue