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SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM - Coggle Diagram
SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM
THE REIGN OF FERNANDO VII AND THE RETURN TO ABSOLUTISM
DÉCADA OMINOSA
Fernando VII
His rule
arbitrary acts
cruelty
he had more than 30 ministers
restoration of absolutism 1814
Fernando VII
unsuccessful military uprising
1820
troops under Lieutenant Colonel Reigo
they revolted in Sevilla
restored Constitution of 1812
Start of Trienio Liberal
moderate liberals vs radical liberals vs absolutists
unstable period
1823
Fernando VII called the Treaty of the Holly Alliance
it protected absolutism
French army helped Spain
Hundred Thousand Sons of Sant Louis
absolutism was restored
Decada Ominosa
anti liberal/conservatives measures
reinstated Inquisition
closed universities
Fernando VII in power
he speaked with the liberals
to put her daughter in power
1833 Fernando died
changed the law, Pragmática Sanción
Isabel inherited the throne
replaced Salic Law
women couldn't inherit the throne
First Carlist War
Carlos vs Isabel
civil war
THE REIGN OF ISABEL II: MODERATE LIBERALISM
Isabel when inherited the throne:
she was mjnor (3 years old)
she had two regents that ruled for her
María Cristina (1833-1840)
she didn't rule very well
General Espartero (1840-1843)
took the control
Military Victory over the Carlist
in the line of succesion
Isabel II (Fernando's daughter)
moderate liberalism
Carlos (Fernadndo's brother)
absolutism
First Carlist War (1833-1840)
Isabel won
Constitutional monarchy
Old Regime disappeared
because of separation of powers
monarchy still had a lot of power
court: judicial power
Isabel: juditial+legistalive power
parliament: legislative power
Two-part system
Two liberal types of parties
Moderates
parliamentary monarchy
censitary suffrage
catholicism
Progressives
parliament
censitary suffrage, less restrictive
religious freedome
Constitutions
1837
by the progressive parliament
was against María Cristina's wishes
1845
by moderate parliament
favoured the young queen
they both contained
sovereignty was not in hands of the monarch
equality before the law
some rights of citizens recognised
Centralism
a very centralised government was stablished
Desamortizaciones
carried out by
Mendizábal (1836)
Madoz (1855)
lands from the Chruch, nobility and common lands
were bought/taken in low prices
and sold in auctions to finance the wars
ALTERNATION IN POWER AND MILITARY REBELLIONS
Isabel's power was based on
she elected the prime minister
formed a group of moderate politicians
progresives planned coup d'état
1- politicians planned the coup d'état
2- Military revolt
3-Popular uprising
stages of the regin
The Década Moderada (1844-1854)
conservatives in rule
based on the Constitution of 1845
universal suffrage abolished
marginalised progressives
Bienio Progresista (1854-1856)
rebellion of Vicalvarada progressives took power
desamortizaciones of Madoz
industrial development+building of railways
moderates afraid of revolution
Isabel gave them power
Crisis of moderantism (1856-1868)
Moderate party + Liberal Union
alternated in power
opposition excluded from parliament
harsh represions to
studients
military
politicians
The changes in its regime
economix growth
1865 social unrest grew
international economic crisis
coup d'état was planned
Progressives were marginalised form power
1866 Pact of Ostend
two years later started revolution
Carlism
Carlos María Isidro of Bourbon (1788-1855)
his supports carlists
was supported in
Pais Vasco
Navarra
Cataluña
parts of Valencia
the wanted to preserve their fuedal rights
fueros
SEXENIO DEMOCRÁTICO: DEMOCRATIC LIBERALISM
before the revolutionary process
September 1868 and January 1874
Spain had democratic liberal regime
revolution
The Revolution of 1868
based on the agreement made in Ostend
progressives organised the revolution
General Juan Prim
General Serrano
la Gloriosa
Isabel went into exile in France
began of Sexenio Democrático
1869
democracy
Spanish Parliament approved new constitution
included:
national sovereignty
universal suffrage
freedome of religion
extending of declaration of rights
Spain's most advanded law
The democratic monarchy under Amadeo I (1871–1873)
Constitution of 1869
democratic monarchy
but not with a Bourbon
selected Amadeo of Savoy
Italian noble supported by Prim
short regime and very inestable
Prim was killed when he came back from Sapin with Amadeo
Amadeo advicated
First Republic started
The First Republic (1873-1874)
four presidents in the 11 months
Figueras, Pi i Margall, Salmerón and Castelar
did't agree in the type of Republic the wanted
GENERAL PAVIA’S COUP D’ÉTAT (1874)
weaken of the government
General Pavía organised a coup d'état
Alfonso Bourbon retun to power
