American Experience: Self-Making & Self Help

For the Nation

Thomas Paine: Common Sense

“One of the strongest natural proofs of the folly of hereditary right in Kings, is that nature disapproves it, otherwise she would not so frequently turn it into ridicule, by giving mankind an Ass for a Lion”

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For the Commonwealth

John Winthrop: A model of Christian Charity

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“We shall find that the God of Israel is among us…For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us. So that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken, and so cause him to withdraw his present help from us”

Individuals

Enlightenment

“I enter'd upon the execution of this plan for self-examination, and continu'd it with occasional intermissions for some time. I was surpris'd to find myself so much fuller of faults than I had imagined; but I had the satisfaction of seeing them diminish” (Franklin 23).

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John & Abigail Adams: Letters

I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favourable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the Husbands. Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could. If perticuliar care and attention is not paid to the Laidies we are determined to foment a Rebelion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation.

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Government

Marco Rubio: Speech

Thoreau: Civil Disobedience

Thoreau: Plea for John Brown

"That government is best which governs least... That government is best which governs not at all"

“We talk about a representative government; but what a monster of a government is that where the noblest faculties of the mind, and the whole heart, are not represented. A semi-human tiger or ox, stalking over the earth”

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“Just yesterday, a leader from yesterday begin a campaign for president by promising to take us back to yesterday.— but yesterday is over, and we are never going back. We are Americans are proud of our history, but our country has always been about the future before us”

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Romanticism

Edgar Allan Poe

blood-red thing that writhes from out The scenic solitude!
It writhes!—it writhes!—with mortal pangs The mimes become its food, And seraphs sob at vermin fangs In human gore imbued.

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Transcendentalism: American Culture

Thoreau: Civil Disobedience

in which majorities decide only those questions to which the rule of expediency is applicable? Must the citizen ever for a moment, or in the least degree, resign his conscience to the legislator? Why has every man a conscience, then?

Anti-Transcendentalism

Poe: The Raven

In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore; Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he; But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door—Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door

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Historical Moments

17th-19th century

The Great Awakening

Salem Witch Trials

Slavery

1730s-1740s

1692

limited number of Official Ministers

1/5th population going to church

Increasing Population

Increased Wealth

The Salem witch scare had complex social roots beyond the community’s religious convictions. It drew upon preexisting rivalries and disputes within the rapidly growing Massachusetts

Frederick Douglass

"Master, however, was not a humane slaveholder. It required extraordinary barbarity on the part of an overseer to affect him. He was a cruel man, hardened by a long life of slaveholding. He would at times seem to take great pleasure in whipping a slave" (Douglass 6).

“I was somewhat unmanageable when I first went there, but a few months of this discipline tamed me. Mr. Covey succeeded in breaking me. I was broken in body, soul, and spirit. My natural elasticity was crushed, my intellect languished, the disposition to read departed, the cheerful spark that lingered about my eye died” (Douglass 67).

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20th Century

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Perhaps the most prominent single element in modern scientific management is the task idea. The work of every workman is fully planned out by the management at least one day in advance, and each man receives in most cases complete written instructions, describing in detail the task which he is to accomplish, as well as the means to be used in doing the work. And the work planned in advance in this way constitutes a task which is to be solved, as explained above, not by the workman alone, but in almost all cases by the joint effort of the workman and the management

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Teddy Roosevelt: The American Boy

Charlie Chaplin: Modern Times

Released during the Depression, told the story of how poor factory workers were treated at work

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OF COURSE what we have a right to expect of the American boy is that he shall turn out to be a good American man. Now, the chances are strong that he won't be much of a man unless he is a good deal of a boy. He must not be a coward or a weakling, a bully, a shirk, or a prig. He must work hard and play hard. He must be clean-minded and clean-lived, and able to hold his own under all circumstances and against all comers

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Industrial Revolution

Factories

Unions

Railroads, electricity, Steel

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Jacob Riis

Nothing is now better understood than that the rescue of the children is the key to the problem of city poverty, as presented for our solution today; that character may be formed where to reform it would be a hopeless task. The concurrent testimony of all who have to undertake it at a later stage: that the young are naturally neither vicious nor hardened, simply weak and undeveloped, except by the bad influences of the street, makes this duty all the more urgent as well as hopeful.

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Andrew Carnegie: Gospel of Wealth

Even the poorest can be made to see this, and to agree that great sums gathered by some of their fellow-citizens and spent for public purposes, from which the masses reap the principal benefit, are more valuable to them than if scattered among them through the course of many years in trifling amounts

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1920's: The Jazz Age

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Civil Rights Movement

“It was characteristic of the Jazz Age that it had no interest in politics at all. It was an age of miracles, it was an age of art, it was an age of excess, and it was an age of satire” (Fitzgerald)

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The New Suburbia:

“they are liking so many other ways. Besides being the same age group (25-35) almost everyone has one of the 9000 homes has at least one child (and only 100 of the 8000 children are old enough for high school) nobody keeps up with the Joneses because they almost all have the same income”

“Let us all hope that the dark clouds of racial prejudice will soon pass away and the deep fog of misunderstanding will be lifted from our fear-drenched communities and in some not too distant tomorrow the radiant stars of love and brotherhood will shine over our great nation with all of their scintillating beauty” (MLK)

they didn’t have jet planes; they didn’t have all of the heavy armaments that the white man has. But they had unity (Malcom X)

We have waited for more than 340 years for our constitutional and God-given rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jetlike speed toward gaining political
independence, but we still creep at horse-and-buggy pace toward the gaining of a cup of coffee at a lunch counter (MLK)

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