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labelling and self fulfilling prophecy - Coggle Diagram
labelling and self fulfilling prophecy
self fulfilling prophecy
occurs when an individual starts to believe the label they have been given, internalise the label and see no other choice- act in parallel to label
examples of labelling in previous psy work
social identity theory: categorisation, identification and comparison
stanford prison experiment
robbers cave study- rattlers and eagles
Jane Elliott's study
labelling
labels are broad, general terms applied to people based on apparent group membership
often happens when there are groups of people grouped together by a shared interest/ characteristic view another group as inferior
BECKER- argues that majority groups attempt to maintain power and superiority by creating labels to control others
Jahoda (1954) studied Ashanti tribe of West Africa, children named partly after day of the week which they were born. believed to play a part in their personality. Monday boys said to be mild-mannered, whereas Wednesday boys considered to be aggressive and short tempered.
Jahoda then studied police records of the Ashanti boys, found that those born on Wednesday had a higher arrest rate of 22% compared to 7% for those on Monday
Madon (2004) investigated alcohol use in children and parental expectation and found SFP stronger if more than one person held the same expectation.
self fulfilling prophecy and criminality/ ASB
2- perceived as criminal/ AS
3- labelled as crim/ AS
1- stereotypes
4- people are suspicious
5- expectation of crime/ ASB
6- treated acc to label
7- given little to no opportunity to disprove it
8- internalise label
9- act in accordance to label
10- prophecy has been fulfilled
Pygmalion effect
better performances from people when better expectations placed upon them
fell in love with a statue he carved because he believed he could make the 'perfect' girl
Rosenthal and Jackson (1968) children in either two categories, 'bloomers' or 'those who had already reached their potential'. students were actually randomly assigned to one of two groups. Over the year, teachers treated the two groups differently. bloomers IQ rose, non bloomers scores fell.
Levy and Hartocollis (1976)- compared ASB in two psychiatric units. One was staffed by women, the other staffed by men and women. the female run unit reported no incidences of violence, compared to 13 in mixed staff unit
A03 points: circles for support and rehabilitation, New Bridge foundation