Periodic table
Alkali metals
properties
Soft
Conduct heat and electricity
Shiny when freshly cut with a knife
Low Melting points
Low densities
(C.P) produce colored flames and react with O2 to form white solids
(C.P) React with water producing alkalis solution/Metal hydroxide + H2
(C.P) React with Halides to form metal halides
Observations with water:
Rapid effervescences
Metal melts into a ball and disappears
metal floats up and move around
lilac flames
Halogens
Exists as Diatomic molecules.
Reacts with other non-Metals to form covalent compounds halides
Reacts with Hydrogen to form hydrogen halides
Reacts with metals to form metal halides
Trend
M.P and B.p increases as we go up the group
Color gets darker as we go down the group
Densities increases as we go down the group
Reactivity decreases as we go down the group
the Size of particles increases / Atomic radius increases
The distance from nuclei and outermost shell increases
The F.A that attracts incoming Electron from the nucleus are weaken as result of increase in distance
The electrons in the outermost shell repels the incoming electron
Transition elements
C.p
Physical P
Colored compounds
Can conduct catalytic activity
have varying/more than one oxidation state
Can form complex ions
High M.p
Conduct electricity and heat
High density
Hard