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ANTIOXIDANTS, Both Aid immune function, Central function of antioxidants,…

- - - - Fetal defects for pregnant women
      - Liver damage
  - - - Preformed Vitamin A
        
        sources include
        
        Retinol
        
        from meat and dairy products
        
        supports vision
      - Provitamin A
        
        Carotenoids such as beta-carotene that are converted to retinol
        
        fruits and vegetable sources
  - - - Blindness
      - Dry skin
      - Dry eyes
      - major cases
        
        Infertility and trouble conceiving
- - - - Initial symptoms may include Nausea, vomiting and headaches.
  - - - Some areas where food is grown, might not contain enough selenium, resulting in selenium deficiency
      - It will end up in the crops grown for our consumption.
      - Selenium is found in soil, high traces of it are in nutrient rich soil
    - - Animal Organs
      - Seafoods
      - Bread
      - Red Meat
      - Broccoli
  - - - For the most part, it works as proteins, specifically glutathione peroxide.
      - It is an essential mineral, it is quite similar to the mineral Sulphur.
      - Works alongside Vitamin E, in helping prevent free radical formation before a chain reaction begins. #
  - - - Vitamin antioxidants donate electrons from themselves to quench free radicals roaming around.
      - Vitamin antioxidants are stable in oxidized and reduced forms.
      - Mineral antioxidants activate enzyme systems that reduce the production of free radicals
- - - - Formation of free radicals
        
        Cancer
        
        Mortality
        
        Becomes pro-oxidant
        
        Destroys Vitamin A
        
        More vulnerable in smokers and alcoholic drinker
        
        Interferes with Vitamin E metabolism
    - - Skin turns yellowish
  - - - Protect against disease/cancer
    - - Support vision
  - - - Not enough retinal to regenerate visual pigments in the eye
        
        Blindness
        
        Night blindness
      - Vulnerable to disease
- - - - Interfere with Vitamin K blood clotting function
      - Lead to blood hemorrhage
      - High chances of hemorrhagic stroke (pending addition scientific evidence)
  - - - Potential conditions
        
        Intermittent Claudication
        
        Abnormal blood flow
        
        Fibrocystic Breast Disease
        
        Nonmalignant breast disease
        
        Neuromuscular Dysfunction
        
        Loss of muscle function and impaired vision/speech
        
        Fat Malabsorption - Cystic Fibrosis
        
        Red blood cells lyse due to damaged cell membranes
  - - - Prevent oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids
    - - Molecule with a free electron, making it unstable and reactive
        
        Can cause damage and increase risk of disease
        
        Attack cell membrane lipoproteins and lipids
        
        Attack DNA/RNA
        
        Attack various proteins around the body
- - - - Under 10mg/day
    - - Reduced integrity of tissues = soft tissue damage
        
        Bleeding gums
        
        Dry skin
        
        Capillary damage
      - Weak bones
  - - - Prevents oxidation of iron in intestinal tract
    - - Cofactor for reactions
        
        Collagen formation
        
        Hydroxylation of Carnitine
        
        Converts tryptophan and tyrosine -> serotonin & norepinephrine
      - Thyroxin synthesis
        
        Helps regulate metabolic rate, especially when stressed
    - - Boosts immune function
        
        Acts as antihistamine
        
        Reduces cold symptoms
        
        Clears free radicals produced during immune response
      - Donate H+ to free radicals
        
        Can also accept electrons to be recycled as an antioxidant