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Cardiovascular System Kelyn Fabian Period 1, Facts: - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular System
Kelyn Fabian
Period 1
Mayor components
Function of blood
ABO
Terms:antigen A and antigen B
Definition:
Type A blood
has A antigens on RBC membranes and anti-B
antibodies in the plasma
Type B blood
has B antigens on RBC membranes and anti-A
antibodies in the plasma
Type AB blood
has both A and B antigens on RBC membranes, but
neither type of antibodies in the plasma; universal recipient
Type O blood
has neither antigen on RBC membranes, but both
types of antibodies in the plasma; universal donor
Location: chromosome
For example, if a recipient has type A blood, he/she has antigen A on RBCs and anti-B antibodies in the plasma; this person can not given a transfusion of RBCs containing the B antigen.
blood type
- A ,B, AB, O
Antigen
- A, B, A and B ,Neither A nor B
Antibody
- Anti- B, Anti- A, Neither anti- A nor anti- B, Both anti- A and anti- B
RH blood types
Term: There are 2 ways in which an Rh-negative individual can have contact with Rh-positive blood: a transfusion or pregnancy
Steps:
The mother will now make anti-Rh antibodies that could attack of a future Rh-positive baby; this is called erythrocytes fetalis, or hemolyric disease of the fetus or newborn.
The problem can be prevented by giving the mother the drug,
RhoGAM, a type of anti-Rh antibody that binds to and shields
the fetus’s RBCs from the mother’s immune system; this can be
given at week 28 of pregnancy, and prevents the mother from
producing anti-Rh antibodies
Location: Surface on red blood
Mayor function of the cardiovascular system
Definition: : A functional cardiovascular system is vital for supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing wastes from them
Steps: - Arteries transport blood away from the heart, veins transport blood toward the heart, and capillaries are vessels that run between arteries and veins. -Oxygen-poor blood is carried by the pulmonary circuit to the
lungs, where it picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide
The systemic circuit sends oxygen-rich blood to all body cells,
where it drops of oxygen and picks up carbon dioxide
Location: pumps blood from heart and the lungs.
chambers
Main: The heart contains 4 chambers: 2 upper chambers called atria, and 2 lower chambers called ventricles
Atria receive blood returning to the heart; have thin walls and ear-like auricles projecting from their exterior
The thick-muscled ventricles pump blood out of the heart
Location: Atrium
Valves
Layers of heart
Blood flow through the heart and body
Arteries
Veins
capillaries
Cardiac Cycle
Definition:During ventricular diastole, pressure inside them increases sharply, causing AV valves to close and the aortic and pulmonary valves to open
Cardiac Cycle
Definition: The amount of blood pumped at any one time must adjust to the current of the body
Terms:
Average adult resting heart rate: 70 to 75 beats/minute (bpm), with normal range of 60 to 100 bpm
Resting heart rate >100 bpm is tachycardia; <60 bpm is bradycardia
Stepts: 1) Sympathetic impulse increase the spend and strength of heart contractions. 2) Heart rate is decreased by parasympathetic impulse
ECG
Definition:Electrocardiogram (ECG): a recording of the electrical changes that occur
during a cardiac cycle
Terms:
P WAVE
- The first wave,which corresponds to the depolarization of the atria; this leads to the contraction of the atria.
QRS COMPLEX
:Corresponds to the depolarization of ventricles, which leads to contraction of the ventricles; the repolarization of the atria moccurs during the QRS complex, but is hidden behind the larger ventricular event.
T WAVE
: Corresponds to ventricular repolarization, and leads to ventricular relaxation
Located: near the surface
Has a normal electrocardiogram (ECG) recording
Pulse
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Facts: