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Cardiovascular System Belen Esparza Period: 1 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular System
Belen Esparza
Period: 1
Major Blood Vessels (names arteries & vains)
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Blood Vessels - Form a
closed circuit
that
carries blood away from the heart & back in again
Two Circuits - blood flow of gas
exchange
Pulmonary circuit:
Blood flow between heart and lungs
Systemic circuit
:
Blood flow between heart and body tissues
Blood Flow through the Heart & Body
1)
Deoxygenated blood
goes to the
superior vena cava
2) Then it enters the
right atrium
3)Passing the
tricuspid valve
4) Into the
right ventricle
5)Passing the
pulmonary semilunar valve
6)Into the
pulmonary artery
7)Into the
R/L lungs
8)Now
oxygenated, the blood
re-enters the heart through
pulmonary veins
1 more item...
Structural & Functional Differences between Blood Vessel Types (Arteries, Vains, Capillaries)
Veins
- Transport blood toward heart - Thinner wall than arty but similar layers - also has a valve - low pressure blood
Capillaries
- Vessels that runs arteries & veins - Single layer of squamous ET - Allows nutrients, gases, and wastes to be
exchanged between the blood and tissue fluid
Arteries
- Transport blood away from heart - Strong, elastic 3 layers - high pressure
Venules
- Leads from capillaries to merge to form larger veins - Connects a capillary to a vein
Arteriole
- Connects an artery to a capillary - Thinner wall than artery smooth MT & CT
3 Layers --> Tunica interna, internal, Tunica media thick middle, Tunica extera outermost layer
Anatomy of the Heart (including all chambers & valves)
The four chambers
Two
Atria
-
Upper chambers
,
recieve blood returning from the hear
t, have thin walls and ear like
auricles
Two
Ventricles
-
Lower chambers
Divider of the internal heart
Interventricular septum
-
Separates the right & left ventricle
Each side has a atrioventricular (AV) valve
Right AV (tricuspid) valve
of right side of heart
Left AV (bicuspid or mitral) valve
of left side of heart
Chordae tendinae of the valves attached to papillary muscles
Where blood enters the heart
Superior and inferior vena cava
brings blood back from the
systemic
circuit
to the
right atrium
Coronary circulation
Cardiac veins drain
blood from the heart muscle, and carry it to the
coronary sinus
Coronary sinus
empties blood into right atrium
Semilunar valves
Pulmonary Semi-lunar
valve
is the base of the pulmonary trunk and ventricle pumps blood into this valve to pass the pulmonary trunk and enter
R/L lungs
Aortic Semi-lunar Valve
is the base of the aorta and accending aorta where the left ventricle pumps blood into the
systemic circuit
Apex --> bottom of heart
Base --> top of heart, not all the things coming out of it
Layers of the Heart (innermost to outermost)
Endocardium
- CT & ET, continuous with the endothelium of major vessels
joining the heart ,contains punjenke fibers
Myocardium
- cardiac muscle, thickest layer of wall, pumps blood out of heart chambers
Epicardium
(viceral pericardium) - Serous membrane, CT & ET. decreases friction in heart
Serous Pericardium
- Inner delicate double layered
Fiberous pericardium
- Outer, tough