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Pest of Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and Coconut (Cocos nucifera) - Coggle…
Pest of Oil palm (
Elaeis guineensis
) and Coconut (
Cocos nucifera
)
Scientific name:
Oryctes rhinoceros
Common name: -Rhinoceros beetle
-kumbang badak
-kumbang tanduk
Order: Coleoptera
Size: 43mm
Sign of damages: -Damage at crown and growing point of palm
-Adult bore into heart to feed on tender tissues
-New leaves are damaged
-Frond turns to fan-shaped
Control:
Cultural control- Destroy breeding places like in rotting wood and vegetative matter
Biological control- Natural enemies like parasitic wasps
-Virus like Baculovirus (Infected adult contaminate breeding sites causing contamination of materials which will be consumed by grub of rhinoceros beetle
Life cycle of Rhinoceros beetle
Scientific name:
Metisa plana
,
Pteroma pendula
,
Mahasena corbetti
Common name: -bagworms
-ulat bungkus
Order: Lepidoptera
Sign of damages: Early larvae-scrape leaf epidermis
Late larvae- Create holes
Infested areas become dry and necrotic
Chemical control- Spraying chemicals trochorfon, cypermethrin or trunk injection or larvae.
Biological control- Natural enemy like parasitoids wasps (
Dolichogenidea
)
Life cycle of
Metisa plana
Scientific name:
Artona catoxantha
Common name: Coconut Leaf Moth(CLM)
Order: Lepidoptera
Signs of damages: -Lower fronds of coconut appear burnt.
-Feeding marks at undersides of leaves.
Biological control- Natural enemy tachinid fly (
Bessa remota
). Larvae of Tachinid fly will live inside of the host and kill it when it emerges from the host body.
IPM
Surveilance- Determining stage of pest
Injection of monocrotophos on palm trunk when pest is in egg and first caterpillar instar
Life cycle of CLM
Scientific name:
Hidari irava
Common name: Coconut skipper
Order: Lepidoptera
Signs of damages: Defoliates coconut palm, damage on leaves
Biological control- Natural enemies parasitic wasp
Scietific name: Setora nitens
Common name: coconut nettle caterpillars
Order: Lepidoptera
Signs of damages: Damage on tips of leaflets and midrib of frond
Biological control- parasitoid (
Chaetexorista javana
)
Fungal
Scientific name:
Valanga nigricornis
Common name: Belalang kunyit
Order: Orthoptera
Size: 57mm(male), 73mm(female)
Signs of damages: Nymphs and adults damage foliage
Control: Chemical control
Scientific name:
Amathusia phidippus
Common name: palm king
Order: Lepidoptera
(not important pests of coconuts due to ocassional outbreak)
Signs of damages: Leaves of palm trees
Biological control- Natural enemies, Tachinid flies,
Eocanthecoma furcellata
Scientific name:
Plesispa reichei
Common name: Coconut leaf beetle
Order: Coleoptera
Signs of damages: Folded leaves, young leaves appear dessicated, retarded seedling, death of plant.
Life cycle of Coconut leaf beetle
