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NUTRITION - Coggle Diagram
Digestive system
The oesophagus
At the top of the oesophagus there is a flap of cartillage called epiglottis.Epiglottis covers the trachea and stops from going into our lungs.
The walls of the oesophagus have muscles that contract and relax when we swallow.These movements push the bolus of food down the oesophagus to the stomach.
The mouth
When we eat solid food,our salvary glands produce a liquid called salliva,and the saliva becomes easier to chew and swallow.
Bolus
The tongue is a muscular organ that moves food around our mouth,forming a ball called bolus.When we swallow,the bolus passes into a long,flexible tube called the oesophagus.
The intestines
Small intestine
The chyme passes from the stomach into the small intestine.It mixes with bile from the liver and pancreatic juices from the pancreas.These liquids break down the chyme into a basic nutrients:proteins,carbohydrates,fats,vitamins and minerals.These nutrients pass through the thin walls of the small intestine and they are absorbed into the blood.
The large intestine
Food waste that the body does not need passes into the large intestine,where extra water is absorbed back into the rectum and then leaves the body through the anus.
Stomach
When a bolus of food reaches the stomach,it combines with gastric juices that break down the food and kill dangerous bacteria.The muscular walls of the stomach contract and relax,mixing the food and gastric juices to from a thick liquid called chyme.
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Excretory system
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Dyalisis
People whose kidneys don't work have dialysis, and they have to go to the hospital every 2 or 3 days to use some machines for 5 or 6 hours.