Realistic Conflict Theory - Sherif
Competition
Intergroup competition arises when two or more groups are fighting for same goal
Leads to intensifying prejudice and hostility
Problems are likely to exist due to ingroups/outgroups
Magnified by real economic, political or status competition
Zero-sum
When the source of conflict is finite this is called a zero-sum situation
Only one group can win
More fiercer conflict
When some form of compromise is made or commodity is more subjective, conflict won't be as fierce
Negative interdependence
When only one of two groups can reach a goal which is important for both of them
There is a real conflict of interests
Leads to
Strong hostility and antagonism between groups
Ingroup favouritism
Increased solidarity
In these situations, the attainment of the goal by one group, necessarily means frustration of the other groups goals
Intensified hostility and ultimately conflict
The struggle between the groups may be scarce material or physical resources
food
territory
Might also be for symbolic resources
political power
prestige
authority
There must be some sort of competition between groups to cause conflict
Whenever two or more groups are in competition for the same resources, conflict will occur which leads to prejudice
Negative stereotyping against outgroup and discrimination may occur.
Any groups competing for the same resources tend to be ingroup and outgroup
Duckitt (1994)
RCT explains prejudice that arises through competition over scarce resources when groups have equal status
Groups working together to achieve a subordinate goal will reduce prejudice