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THE STUDY OF HISTORY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The beginning of History.
    - - CULTURE AND ART
        
        WRITING
        
        Cuneiform writing
        
        making wedge-shaped marks on a stone tablet with a stylus
        
        Clay tablets
        
        count the offerings and taxes
        that were taken to the temples
        
        religion -economy
        
        stored in large libraries
        
        Nineveh
        in the Assyrian Empire
        
        helped us learn
        more about some aspects of their culture.
        
        Knew about astronomy and arithmetic
        
        numerical system.
        
        wrote literary works
        
        the Epic of Gilgamesh
        
        established laws
        
        The Code of Hammurabi
        
        SCULPTURES
        
        RELIEF SCULPTURES
        
        scenes of hunting and battles.
        
        reflected the warrior spirit
        of the Mesopotamian peoples
        
        violent realism.
        
        figure of the king
        
        decorate buildings
        
        the Assyrian period.
        
        STATUES
        
        Small
        
        monarchs, rulers or members of the priesthood.
        
        People usually appeared seated
        
        praying position
        
        large eyes and a slight smile
        
        ARCHITECTURE
        
        adobe bricks
        
        round arches and vaults
        
        ziggurats and palaces
        
        Sumerian contribution
        
        BABYLONIAN PALACES
        
        were very grandiose
        
        Bricks
        
        geometric motifs
        
        real or imaginary animals
        
        made from brightly coloured ceramics.
        
        PERSIAN PALACES
        
        Characteristics
        
        stone
        
        apadana
        
        Their most important room
        
        2 more items...
        
        used
        
        vaults
        
        an architrave
        
        1 more item...
        
        Long processions of armed soldiers with bows and spears were represented on the walls
      - ECONOMY
        
        Irrigated agriculture
        
        main economic activity
        
        It´s between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
        
        The land on the banks of these rivers was very fertile
        
        also used to transport people and goods
        
        Artisan activity
        
        Exchange for cereals, wool, ceramics and handmade metal objects for stone, metals or hard wood because were not very abundant
        
        Boosted the development of trade
        
        Trade activity
      - SOCIETY
        
        Very hierarchical
        
        Slaves
        
        Free men
        
        Peasants
        
        artisans
        
        merchants
        
        The army and officials
        
        The privileged groups
        
        The ruling minority
        
        priests
        
        controlled the majority of the wealth
        
        It imposed its authority
        using its religious and military power
        
        kings
      - CIVILISATION
        
        City-states
        
        politically independent cities, with their own governments
        
        Walled
        
        Ziggurat
        
        temple
        
        In the centre of the cities
        
        religious rituals
        
        Priests lived in them
        
        Empires
        
        People
        
        SUMERIANS
        
        after the 4th millennium BC
        
        the oldest civilisation in history
        
        The most important city-states
        
        Ur
        
        Uruk
        
        Lagash
        
        AKKADIANS
        
        the north of the Sumerians
        
        Create the first empire in history
        
        Sargon, king of Akkad
        
        from 2335 BC to 2150 BC.
        
        BABYLONIANS
        
        The first Babylonian empire was formed in around 1890 BC
        
        King Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC)
        
        King Nebuchadnezzar II 6th century BC
        
        ASSYRIANS
        
        Empire
        
        the 9th and 7th centuries BC
        
        The most important cities
        
        Assur
        
        large palaces
        
        Nineveh
        
        PERSIAN EMPIRE
        
        the 6th and 4th centuries BC
        
        Kings
        
        Cyrus the Great
        
        Cambyses
        
        Darius