Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
3 THE LABOUR MOVEMENT & 4 LIBERAL REVOLUTIONS, image, image, image,…
3 THE LABOUR MOVEMENT & 4 LIBERAL REVOLUTIONS
THE RESTORATION IS OVERTURNED
3 waves of antiabsolutist revolutionary movements
1830
Louis XVIII was succeeded by Charles X
Students and workers organised the July Revolution
Parliamentary monarchy was established under Louis Philippe of Orleans
1848
The Second French Republic was procalimed
Napoleon Bonaparte proclaimed the Second French Empire (1851)
The Revolution of 1848 spread to cities in Austria
1820
In Spain, Portugal, Naples and Piedmont
The Holy Alliance took part
In 1822, a democratic assembly declared Greece's independence
THE CONSOLIDATION OF LIBERAL REGIMES
Democrats defended universal manhood suffrage
They organised themselves into political parties
Prussia and Austria
The Revolution of 1848 led to establish a dual monarchy called: the Astro-Hungarian Empire
Great Britain
With the Queen Victoria, the British parliamentarism became very stable
Two political parties:
The Conservative Party (Tories)
The Liberal Party (Whigs)
Ellis Island
In the 19th century 45 million Europeans emigrated to countries such as:
United States, Argentina, Australia, New Zeland,...
France
Under the Second French Empire, Napoleon III was in the power
To justify his position, instead of elections, he called referendums
The United States
In the early 1800s white men approve the submission of the indigenous population
The American Civil War started
The liberal's won with Abraham Lincoln as leadership
Lincoln made slaves free
Women's Suffrage 1869
After the Civil War mass immigration from Europe came to America
THE IDEOLOGIES OF THE LABOUR MOVEMENT
Socialism and Marxism
Karl Marx
He was a German philosopher
He seen the big inequality of the society thanks of the capitalism. So he began with the idea of the Communism, another socio-economic system, more equal for everybody
He also collaborated with Friedrich Engels, another philosopher
Friedrich wrote the: "The Communist Manifesto"
Principles of Marxism
The class struggle
2 classes:
Oppressors
Oppressed
Class consciousness
Workers' class against the oppressors
Historical materalism
Focuses on the historical development of societies
Historical change
The workers' need a revolution to end with their oppression
Utopian Socialism
In 1825, idealistics solutions to social inequalities were though.
Robert Owen founded the New Harmony community in Indiana, based on collaboration and equality
Anarchism
Russian's Mikhail Bakunin & Peter Kropotkin
Developed this system/believing
Chartism
It was the first workers' political movement
Developed in Great Britain between 1820 &1840
They were democratic
HISTORICAL CHANGES
The capitalist system led to economic and social inequality
The working class
Had poverty and deprivation
Working families couldn't obtain health care or access pensions
Due to the lack of public services
The labour movement emerged to improve the living and working conditions
THE BEGINNINGS OF THE LABOUR MOVEMENT
Abuses by capitalism
Labour exploitation
Poor living conditions
Lack of political recognition
First Workers' Organisations
Mutual ald assoclations
Trade unions
Luddlte movement
THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL
International Working Men's Association (IWA) was founded in 1864
It was later called the First International
