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CONDITIONALS - Coggle Diagram
CONDITIONALS
First Conditional
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.
_
if + subject + don't/doesn't + present simple, + subject + won't + infinitive
- If it rains, I won't go to the park.
- You will have an accident if you don't drive carefully.
+
if + subject + present simple, + subject + will/won't + infinitive
- If I study today, I will go to the party tonight.
- If I save enough money, I will go to the beach.
Second Conditional
The second conditional is used to express the consequence of an unrealistic action or situation in the present or future.
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If + subject + past simple negative, subject + would + not + infinitive of main verb
- If Simon didn’t have a good job, he wouldn’t live in a nice house.
- If Barbara didn’t live in London, she wouldn’t take the tube to work.
+
If + subject + past simple, + subject + would + infinitive.
- If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
- She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
Third Conditional
We use the third conditional to express a theoretical past situation and its theoretical result in the past
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If + subject + Hadn't past perfect, + Subject + wouldn't + have + past participle
- If I had not left early that day, I would have seen him for the last time.
- She wouldn’t have found out if you hadn’t spoken so loudly.
+
If + subject + Had past perfect, + Subject + would + have + past participle
- If she had studied more, she would have graduated.
- If I had done an Erasmus programme in the UK, my English would have improved
UNLESS = IF NOT
We can never use "unless" with a negation. For example: Unless I don't have time, is incorrectect. The correct option is: Unless I have time
- First Conditional: "You'll be unhappy unless you break up with her" = "You'll be unhappy if you do not break up with her."
- Second Conditional: "I wouldn't ask her out unless you told me it was OK" = "I wouldn't ask her out if you told me it was not OK."
- Third Conditional: "They wouldn't have come over unless we'd invited them" = "They wouldn't have come over if we had not invited them."