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05 A FRAGILE PEACE
The late 19th century
known as the Belle Époque
period of
optimism
prosperity
but also of great tension in international relations
because of territorial expansionism.
Between 1870 and 1890, relations between countries were determined by Germany
The German chancellor
Bismarck
designed a complex system of alliances
in order to isolate France
revenge for the loss of
Lorraine
Alsace
after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871.
BISMARCKIAN SYSTEM
three stages
Second system (1879–1882)
Third system (1887).
First system (1872
BISMARCKIAN SYSTEM
Second system (1879–1882)
Bismarck made a bilateral agreement with Austria-Hungary (Dual Alliance)
Later Itay joined the agreement, forming the Triple Alliance.
Third system (1887)
reinforced the Triple Alliance and signed the Reinsurance Treaty with the Russian tsar
guaranteed Russian neutrality
also signed the Mediterranean Agreements with
Italy
Austria-Hungary
Great Britain
Spain
First system (1872).
known as the League of the Three Emperors
alliance between
German
Russian
Austro-Hungarian
After the fall of Bismarck, in 1890
two opposing diplomatic
Triple Alliance
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Germany
Triple Entente
France
Great Britain
Russia
