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NATIONALISM, latin america, germany, Bismark, italy, garibali, mazzini,…

- - - - north-west
      - independent kingdom
      - Savoy dynasty
    - - occupied by Austria
      - richest region
      - Milan, Venice
    - - monarchy
      - Bourbon dynasty
  - - - long diplomatic conflict
      - until 1929 Lateran Treaty
- - - - not only for colonial authorities
      - start road to independence
  - - - Caracas
      - Buenos Aires
      - Mexico City
      - Quito
      - Bogotá
  - - - refused to make changes in colonies
      - some had proclamed independence
    - - Major revolt in Mexico
        
        1810
      - Bolivar in New Granada
      - San Martín in Río de Plata
      - declared themself independet
      - 14 countries by 1825
  - - - system of goverment republic
      - military imposed itself on civil governments
      - led to caudillismo
        
        authoritarian leaderships
        
        coups d'état
    - - criollos
        
        opteined political power
        
        consolidated economic power
      - Slavery abolished
      - continued to be discriminated
        
        indigenous people
        
        lower classes
        
        former black slaves
    - - Spain lost
        
        main source of presious metal
        
        certain markets
      - Spain's economic dependance replaced
        
        by Great Britain
        
        By United States
      - not true economic independence
- - - - authoritarian
      - disciplined
      - politival and military organisation
    - - to the south
      - par of it was in German Confederation
  - - - liberalism
      - nationalist movements
  - - - reign of William I
      - led the unification
        
        authoritarian way
    - - in 1864
      - duchies of Schleswig, Holstein
    - - 1866
      - battle of Sadowa
  - - - spirit of revenge
    - - Second Reich
      - 1871
      - universal manhood suffrage
- - - - sovereign or aspired to constituting nation-state
      - shared cultural traits
  - - - organised map
        
        based on heir interests
      - generated nationalist aspirations
    - - establishing legitamacy of state power
      - national sovereignty
      - people felt
        
        liberal
        
        national
    - - internal markets free of privileges
      - barriers to trade
      - uniform laws in territory
      - favorated economic growth
      - help consolidate
        
        industrial bourgeoisie
        
        commercial bourgeoisie