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06 SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM, sovereignty, no monarch,…
06 SPAIN, BETWEEN ABSOLUTISM AND LIBERALISM
THE REIGN OF FERNANDO VII AND THE RETURN TO ABSOLUTISM
Trienio Liberal: unstable period, conflict between moderate liberals, radical or fanatic liberals and absolutists
DÉCADA OMINOSA
took anti-liberal and conservative measures
reinstate the Inquisition
Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis invade Spain, absolutist throne restored
close universities
Isabel succeed him
absolutists support Carlos
restore the Constitution of 1812
1833: Fernando VII died, Isabella iherit
First Carlist War
1820: troops under Lieutenant Colonel Riego, revolt against Fernando VII in Cabezas de San Juan
THE REIGN OF ISABEL II: MODERATE LIBERALISM
Two-party system
two liberal political parties
Progressive
Moderate
Constitutions
1837: progressive parliament, against María Cristina’s wishes
1845: moderate parliament favoured Isabel
Establishment of a constitutional monarchy
monarchy still maintain power
division of powers
judicial: courts
executive: Isabel
legislative: Parliament, Isabel
Centralism
moderantism: strong centralised government.
Military victory over the Carlists
Isabel (winner)-> moderate
Carlist-> maintain their fueros
Carlists-> absolutism ( Basque Country, Cataluña, Navarra, Valencia)
Desamortizaciones
land expropriated by the state, sold at public auction
affect councils and the Church
Mendizabal, Manoz
María Cristina, General Espartero
SEXENIO DEMOCRÁTICO: DEMOCRATIC LIBERALISM
The First Republic (1873-1874)
11 months
4 presidents
none resolve political disagreement of republicans
The democratic monarchy under Amadeo I (1871-1873)
Parliament not want a Bourbon monarch
select Amadeo of Savoy new king
reign marked by
great instability
death of Prim (assasinated)
Spanish Parliament declare First Republic
General Pavia's coup d'état (1874)
Carlism weaken the government
overthrown by a coup d’état led by General Pavía (1874)
Alfonso of Bourbon return to the throne
The Revolution of 1868
Sexenio Democrático began
1869: new constitution
universal suffrage
freedom of religion
extend declaration of rights
national sovereignty
Isabel II went into exile in France
organised by
General Juan Prim
General Serrano
ALTERNATION IN POWER AND MILITARY REBELLIONS
remarkable economic growth
Pact of Ostend: 1866
stages
Bienio Progresista: 1854-1856
moderate, progressive, democratic troops seize power in a rebellion
attempts to liberalise politics, social unrest context
Crisis of moderantism: 1856-1868
altern power
Moderate
Liberal
Década Moderada: 1844-1854
progressives: marginalised
government: conservative
attempt to put pressure on the queen: coup d'état
sovereignty, no monarch
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OIHANE TXARROALDE 23 4.E
