Hardon and Posel (2012): Embodied silencing and disclosure need to be understood in relation to gender, and power relations in the various social settings in which these studies were conducted. For example, anthropologists have written libraries about how societies control women's reproductive functions (Walle & Renne, 2011). Ethnographies describe how women are expected to hide signs of menstrual blood, which is iconic of failed conception (Masqeullier, 2011) and conceal births because of fear for bad spirits (Chapman, 2003).