Alliances
In the 1800s there were growing rivalries among the great powers in Europe.
Two main rival alliances
Other Alliances
Broken Alliances and Empires
Triple Alliance
Triple Entente
Germany
Austria-Hungary
France
Italy
Britain
Russia
The great powers set out to create alliances in order to protect themselves.
The great powers signed treaties that pledged to help defend one another.
Alliances were made to create unions that no one would want to attack.
Great Powers
From this two rival alliances were formed.
Alliances made to protect
The Ottoman Empire wanted to stay neutral during the war but later decided to form an alliance with Germany
There was no official alliance between these two but Russia agreed to protect Serbia
Alliance formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
It was a pledge made between countries that if one was in need of military aid the other countries would provide it.
France and Russia both signed a secret treaty in 1893 which formed a rival bloc.
Initiated by Otto-Von Bismarck
Reason for Alliance
Aftermath
The Russian empire (1917), The Ottoman empire (1918), The Austria Hungary(1918), and the German empire (1918) all fell apart
Secret alliance
Italy and France had a secret treaty to not attack
The Triple Entente
The Triple Alliance
Germany and Austria-Hungary fought alongside each other against France and its allies
The German empires lack of government lead to political confusion and provoked negative nationalist responses to the Vienna government. This ultimately led to their downfall.
The fall of the Ottoman empire was caused by the Treaty of Sèvres
The Austria Hungary empire fell after Italy left the triple alliance and declared war on Austria-Hungary later that day. It was a complete military defeat.
The Russian Empire fell because the monarchy was destroyed causing a collapse in the government forcing them to leave the war.
Germany and Austria-Hungary were named the Central Powers
Otto-Von Bismarck was afraid France would come back with allies to avenge their defeat in the Franco-Prussian war
Formed alliances to protect Germany
Countries that signed treaties
Britain signed a treaty in so that they would protect Belgium at all cost
(Signing of the Triple Alliance)
(Members of the Triple Alliance
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Formation of the Alliance
Reasoning
France wanted to end its isolation.
They feared Germany wanted to dominate Europe
They wanted to balance Germany's power.
An entente was signed between Britain and France which was a nonbinding agreement in which they pledged to follow common policies.
A similar agreement was formed between Britain and Russia which marked the beginning of the Triple Entente.
Once the war had stated they became known as the Allies.
The Entente helped lead to close diplomatic and military ties.