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THE EU - Coggle Diagram
THE EU
1 BEGINNING
- At the end of World War two the European continent is devastated and the United States and the USSR are the two major world powers, but they start the Cold War. The Soviets control Eastern Europe and the US the West for reconstruction aid.
- On the 1950 there is a franco-german reconciliation and the production of coal and steel place under a common high authority.
- The following year in Paris six countries form the European Coal and Steel community (the ECSC).
4 DEVELOPMENT
In 1979 members of the European Parliament are elected by universal suffrage.
In 1981 Greece and in 1986 Spain and Portugal join the community.
12 Member State and the European Commission sign the Single European Act.
In 1993 the Single Market is completed.
2 TREATIES OF ROME
In the 1957 in Rome the ECSC sign two new treaties:
- the first treaty creates the European Economic Community (the EEC) whose establish:
- a common market,
- the free movement of workers,
- the elimination of tariffs between member states and
- it defines common policies on transport trade and agriculture.
- the second treaty establishes the European atomic energy community (the EURATOM) coordinating civilian nuclear research programs
Even the UK wants to join the treaties but France doesn't want.
5 EASTERN EUROPE
- In 1992 European heads of state signed the Maastricht Treaty that envisages and economic union and the future creation of the EURO
The European Union is created .
A new wave of countries request membership to the Union.
In 1995 the EU grows to 15 members.
3 ECONOMIC GROWTH
In the 1965 the institutions of the three communities (ECSC, EEC, EURATOM) are merged and now there is:
- a sigle Commission that proposes Europe laws,
- a Council that approve modify or reject the proposals of the Commission,
- a Parliament that gives its opinion on Commission proposals
- and finally there is a Court of justice that rules over the legality of decisions
In1967 The United Kingdom renews its request but France opposes a second time.
The economic situation continues to grow and other European countries want to join.
In 1973 Island the United Kingdom and Denmark join the community
6 SCHENGER
- In 1995 the Schengen Agreement is introduced and its objective is to have total freedom of movement within the European Union.
- The common currency project (EURO) advances but UK, Sweden and Denmark do not want it.
The other countries set up the European Central Bank.
The euro is officially launched on the market in 1999 and put into circulation the first of January 2002.
7 ENLARGEMENT
- On 1st of May 2004 10 new countries are included in the European Union.
- On January 1 2007 Romania and Bulgaria joined the European Union.
The same year 27 heads of state signed the Treaty of Lisbon which aims to strengthen and improve the functioning of the EU after enlargement.
the treaty is ratified by all states but Ireland rejects it.
8 EUROZONE DEBT CRISIS
- The global economic and financial crisis has repercussions on the eurozone which enters a recession.
- After the rout of major European bank many countries find themselves in difficulty for example: Greece and Ireland.
- Portugal Greece a second time Spain and then Cyprus obtains financial aid from the eurozone
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10 BREXIT
- In June 2016 the United Kingdom through a referendum votes in favor of leaving the European Union.
- After difficult negotiations with the European Union United Kingdom exits the EU on January 31 2020.
11 CURRENT SITUATION
- Now the European Union has 27 members but Cyprus Croatia Bulgaria and Romania expected to integrate soon