Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Psychology - Coggle Diagram
Psychology
Memory
-
Episodic Memory
type of declarative memory that contains information about events we have personally experienced, also known as autobiographical memory
-
-
-
-
set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time
Semantic Memory
type of declarative memory about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts
Sensory Memory
storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes
Short-term Memory (STM)
holds about seven bits of information before it is forgotten or stored, as well as information that has been retrieved and is being used
Procedural Memory
Type of long-term memory of making skilled actions, such as hoe to brush your teeth, how to drive a car, and how to swim
-
Intelligenc
-
Creative Intelligence
ability to produce new products, ideas, or inventing a new, novel solution to a problem
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
States of consciousness
-
-
-
-
- Deep Sleep / Subconscious
-
-
Development
-
Cognitive Development
domain of lifespan development that examines learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity
-
-
Psychosexual Development
process proposed by Freud in which pleasure-seeking urges focus on different erogenous zones of the body as humans move through five stages of life
Psychosocial Development
domain of lifespan development that examines emotions, personality, and social relationships
Psychosocial Development
process proposed by Erikson in which social tasks are mastered as humans move through eight stages of life from infancy to adulthood
-
-
-
-
Test
-
Projective test
personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires
Rorschach Inkblot Test
projective test that employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person’s unconscious desires, fears, and struggles
-
-
Sexual Orientation
emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attraction to other people or no people
Sexual Response Cycle
divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
Resolution
phase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused state
-
Orgasm
peak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)
Social
Social Exchange Theory
humans act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintain a relationship, with the goal to maximize benefits and minimize costs
Social Loafing
exertion of less effort by a person working in a group because individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group, thus causing performance decline on easy tasks
Social Norm
group’s expectations regarding what is appropriate and acceptable for the thoughts and behavior of its members
Social Psychology
field of psychology that examines how people impact or affect each other, with particular focus on the power of the situation
-
-
-
-
Bias
-
-
Hindsight Bias
belief that the event just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn't
Representative Bias
faulty heuristic in which you stereotype someone or something without a valid basis for your judgment
Learning
-
Associative Learning
form of learning that involves connecting certain stimuli or events that occur together in the environment
Latent Learning
learning that occurs, but it may not be evident until there is a reason to demonstrate it
-
Skills
-
Fine Motor Skills
use of muscles in fingers, toes, and eyes to coordinate small actions
-
-
Attachment
-
Avoidant Attachment
characterized by child’s unresponsiveness to parent, does not use the parent as a secure base, and does not care if parent leaves
Disorganized Attachment
characterized by the child’s odd behavior when faced with the parent; type of attachment seen most often with kids that are abused
Resistant Attachment
characterized by the child’s tendency to show clingy behavior and rejection of the parent when they attempt to interact with the child
-
-
Ego Defense Mechanism
Displacement
ego defense mechanism in which a person transfers inappropriate urges or behaviors toward a more acceptable or less threatening target
-
-
-
Bias
Actor-Observer Bias
phenomenon of explaining other people’s behaviors are due to internal factors and our own behaviors are due to situational forces
Confirmation Bias
seeking out information that supports our stereotypes while ignoring information that is inconsistent with our stereotypes
-
Self-Serving Bias
tendency for individuals to take credit by making dispositional or internal attributions for positive outcomes and situational or external attributions for negative outcomes
Love
Companionate Love
type of love consisting of intimacy and commitment, but not passion; associated with close friendships and family relationships
Consummate Love
type of love occurring when intimacy, passion, and commitment are all present
Romantic Love
type of love consisting of intimacy and passion, but no commitment
-
-
Dissociative Amnesia
dissociative disorder characterized by an inability to recall important personal information, usually following an extremely stressful or traumatic experience
Dissociative Disorders
group of DSM-5 disorders in which the primary feature is that a person becomes dissociated, or split off, from their core sense of self, resulting in disturbances in identity and memory
Dissociative Fugue
symptom of dissociative amnesia in which a person suddenly wanders away from one’s home and experiences confusion about their identity
-
Therapy
Behavior Therapy
therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors
-
Nondirective Therapy
therapeutic approach in which the therapist does not give advice or provide interpretations but helps the person identify conflicts and understand feelings
Psychoanalysis
therapeutic orientation developed by Sigmund Freud that employs free association, dream analysis, and transference to uncover repressed feelings
-
-
-
-
Cognition
thinking, including perception, learning, problem solving, judgment, and memory
-
-
Concept
category or grouping of linguistic information, objects, ideas, or life experiences
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Theory
-
Set Point Theory
assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change
Social-Cognitive Theory
Bandura’s theory of personality that emphasizes both cognition and learning as sources of individual differences in personality
Gender
Emotional feeling
Heterosexual
emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attractions to opposite-sex individuals
Bisexual
emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attraction to those of the same gender or to those of another gender
Gender Identity
individual’s sense of being male, female, neither of these, both of these, or another gender
Gender Dysphoria
diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who experience enduring distress as a result of their gender identity not aligning with their sex assigned at birth
-
Anxiety Disorder
Agoraphobia
anxiety disorder characterized by intense fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations in which it might be difficult to escape if one experiences symptoms of a panic attack
Panic Disorder
anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks
Specific Phobia
anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation
Family Therapy
-
Strategic Family Therapy
therapist guides the therapy sessions and develops treatment plans for each family member for specific problems that can addressed in a short amount of time
-
-
-
-
Ego
aspect of personality that represents the self, or the part of one’s personality that is visible to others
SuperEgo
aspect of the personality that serves as one’s moral compass, or conscience
Nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa
eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise
-
-
-
Suicide
death caused by intentional, self-directed injurious behavior
Suicidal Ideation
thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt
Childhood Disorder
-
Autism Spectrum Disorder
childhood disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests
-
Cognitive
Cognitive Therapy
form of psychotherapy that focuses on how a person’s thoughts lead to feelings of distress, with the aim of helping them change these irrational thoughts
-
-
-