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RESTORATION - Coggle Diagram

- - - - removal of restrictions who could vote meant that there was a wider range of the Political Nation
      - was essentially Royalist
        
        Half were made up of Parliamentarians - many of different political and religious views
        
        Mostly Presbyterians
        
        Many aimed to restrict the king's power
        
        Others resisted setting limits
        
        supporting the Restoration was a way of seeking's the king's favour and therefore office
        
        Royalists who had got in gradually through elections were naturally opposed to limitations on the King's power
    - - the return of the monarch was so desired that it was no considered to impose any constitutional limits
        
        the Political Nation were willing to accept Charles' mere promises made in the Declaration of Breda
        
        These promises were attractive to the majority of the Political Nation, as conservatives had felt increasingly alienated by and fearful of the radicalism of the last years of the Interregnum
        
        Charles' aim was to secure the throne
        
        In presenting himself as the Political Nation wanted him to, he was able to manage an unwritten political settlement that suited both sides in returning to pre-civil war norms
    - - Indemnity
        
        A general for all those who sided with Parliament during the Civil War except for those involved in the regicide
        
        Parliament decided who was pardoned
        
        Royalists called for mass vengeance
        
        30 men were excluded
        
        Indemnity Act passed August 29th and was necessary for Charles
        
        the army needed to disband
        
        money from the city of London
        
        support from the political elite
        
        Despite this the Restoration came with the persecution of anyone who was seen as a threat to the return of the monarchy
      - Land Settlement
        
        as a result of the revolution the land of bishops, Royalists, Catholics and the Crown were sold off
        
        The new owners of the land had a vested interest in them and being powerful and also having helped bring the restoration around, Charles had to be careful how he dealt with this issue
        
        Left the matter to Parliament
        
        failed to legislate a formal solution
        
        Crown and Church lands were returned
        
        The remained were settled because the biggest buyers of the land were excluded from the Indemnity Act and their land was seized
      - Disbanding the army
        
        In the Declaration of Breda Charles had promised the army its arreas
        
        Those who had limited his powers were not in a position to do anything
        
        A bill to confirm Parliamentary privileges and fundamental laws stalled in the House of Lords through Charles's influence
        
        The fact that they were not confirmed meant that they did not become apart of the restored settlement that was essentially an unwritten agreement between Charles and the Political Nation
      - Finance
        
        The CP originally kept finances in their own hand
        
        It was decided to abolish feudal rights but to provide compensation
        
        Charles was finally granted tonnage and poundage for life
        
        Customs were also granted to the king, but only those specified in a partliamentary bill
        
        Granted 1.2 million a year for government costs in peacetime. Actually, Charles only got £400,000 a year
        
        in 1662, a Hearth Tax was introduced to try to bridge a gap
        
        Proved insufficient and Charles II's finances were to come under even greater pressure because of his wars with the Dutch
        
        The chief consequence of the limits of the Crown's finances was that Charles became dependant on parliamentary grants
      - Religion
        
        A key question was what kind of Church was to restored
        
        what was to done about the numerous Nonconformists that had been free to worship during the Interregnum, let alone the radicals such as the Quakers
        
        The Declaration of Breda had promised an "indulgence" for Nonconformists , which meant that they had the right to worship freely
        
        This did not happen, about 700 of England's 9000 ministers were removed
        
        Church of England was restored but not broadened to encompass any Nonconformists, not even the moderate Presbyterians, let alone the Quakers
      - Militia
        
        CP did not pass any militia bills in 1660, but neither did they challenge Charles' control
        
        Charles announced the dissolution of the Convention Parliament on 20 November
        
        at the annoyance of lack of legislationwith regard to the militia and problems with the religious settlement
        
        Charles retained the prerogative right of control of armed forces in the kingdom