Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Y9 History: WW1, 1st of July 1916 - 18th of November 1916, Abdicate: Stand…
Y9 History: WW1
Long Term Causes of WW1
Militarism
People took great pride in their army and navy, it made them feel more powerful. To make sure their army or navy was the best, they spent huge amounts of money. Countries were prepared to use their forces aggressively to defend or promote their country. This led to an arms race.
Militarism can lead to a war as the competition that emerges as countries battle it out to have the most powerful military force can build tension which with the correct trigger can all burst out into a fully armed war.
Alliances
As each country grew more threatened they looked for more friends - Allies. Europe was split into two main alliances - The Triple Entente which consisted of France, Russia and Britain and The Triple Alliance which consisted of Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy.
Alliances can lead to a war because if something such as an attack or assassination occurs in one country, their alliances are likely to get involved therefore leading to allies of the opposing country taking notice who will also join their allies which has a somewhat domino effect making the situation bigger than necessary.
Imperialism
Britain's empire was huge by 1914, other countries wanted big empires too. This leads to imperialism where there is a race to gain control of other nations, especially in Africa. This led to massive tension between the European powers and war was seen as the only way to stop it.
Imperialism can lead to war because as a result of this greed to access ultimate leadership over the countries of the world, an ever-growing tension builds up and over time it becomes to much to handle and the leaders feel that the only suitable way to solve such a conflict is a war. As well as this as the empires gather new countries their power multiplies, making them even richer meaning they can spend more money on militarism etc. which escalates the severity of such wars to a greater level that is guaranteed to end in disaster.
Nationalism
At the start of the 20th Century, people started to take great pride in their country, some believing their country was far superior to another. The best way to prove this would be by defeating your enemy.
Nationalism can lead to war because some countries strongly believed that they were superior to other nations and they felt as if to prove their supposed superiority was to defeat the other country in a battle. In addition to this, if the citizens of a country believe that they must defeat another country to demonstrate superiority and power than the government of said country is more likely to listen and act on the civilians suggestions as they know that they have support behind them from their country. Also, if they know that a lot of men were fully supportive of the war, they are more likely to have a bigger force of men on the front lines fighting in the trenches which could possibly provide the believe that they are more likely to win therefore it is less risky to declare the war.
In my personal opinion, I believe that the best alliance system was the Triple Entente due to Britain and its large empire gives it easier access to money and soldiers; as well as this at the time of the first world war we had a superior economy and Russia had one of the largest military forces on the globe.
Short Term Causes of WW1
Gravillo Pricip was part of a group of Serbian National Terrorists known as the black hand gang. On the 28th of June 1914 this young Serbian student shot Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Austrian).
The Start of WW1
Responding to the previous events, Austro-Hungary officially declared war on Serbia on the 28th of July 1914. The next day Russia joined the war in order to protect their ally Serbia and on the 1st of August, Germany declared war on Russia due to their alliance with Austro-Hungary. Two days later Germany also declared war on France and later invades Belgium causing Britain to declare war on Germany as a result of a statement made stating that Britain had to protect Belgium at all costs. On the 5th of August war was declared upon Russia by Austro-Hungary leading to both France and Britain declaring war on Austro-Hungary.
-
-
Volunteering
Propaganda: Information that is distributed to the public that is designed to persuade the nation into to thinking or doing something; this information is almost always false and misleading.
Reasons for Joining
The government promised men that if they were to join the army then women would love them which appealed to a lot of men.
The government also promised them a stable and above-average wage which also appealed to the poorer side of the soldiers who also needed to provide for their families
Finally, the government also promised soldiers pride and honour if they signed up to join the fight and somewhat guilt tripped them into doing saying that if they didn't they were a coward and hence why the white feather appeared.
Censorship: restriction of a variety of things for different reasons that prevent people accessing information or data.
The Pals Battalion
The government decided to create Pals Battalions because they thought that more boys would enlist because they could sign up and go to war with their friends.
Advantages: You get to go with your friends. Gets people to enlist. Better than going with strangers. Competition between battalions to get people to enlist.
Disadvantages: Watch your friends die. Women could lose their entire family. Entire villages were wiped out.
Conscientous Objector: Refused to fight due to religious or political beliefs. They had to stand in front of a military tribual. They were beaten, shot or sent to prison. Some were given to white feather to signify their cowardice.
-
The Battle of The Somme
Notes: A campaign to end the war. Pushed the Germans back 2 miles in 5 months. 620,000 men in total. 490 miles until Berlin. 20,000 dead and 60,000 injured on the 1st day alone
-
General Douglas Haig Lions led by Donkeys. The British General that commanded the Battle of the Somme
-
-
300,000 people died in total due to the Battle of the Somme
-
-
The End of WW1
In 1917, the people of Russia rebelled against the monarchy, also known as the Russian Revolution, casting Britain's biggest ally to withdraw from the war.
As the result of the sinking of an American passenger ship, the Lusitania, the Americans join the war on the British side.
Kaiser Wilhelm was forced to abdicate on the 9th of November 1918 leading to the armistice at 11am on the 11th of November 1918
-
-
500,000 German's died of starvation
-
-
-
-
-
-