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INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING - Coggle Diagram
INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING
1.2 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
:star:approach to solve problem using some programming language.
logic
(based on facts and rules)
Focus on facts stored in memory (knowledge base)
:explode:LISP
:explode:ProLog
:check:Providing validity of given program is simple.
:check:System solve the problem, programming steps themsleves are kept to minimum.
procedural
(based on modular)
Identify major function of program (main module) and the main module is divided into smaller modules.
:explode:C
:explode:Pascal
:explode:ColdFusion
:check:Can reuse the code.
:check:Makes program more redeable and easier to maintain.
object-oriented
(based on object classes)
Identify objects which are items that can contain both data and the procedures that read or manipulate data.
:explode:Java
:explode:C++
:explode:Phython
:check:Code reusability (reuse and modify exixting object)
:check:Avoid programming redundancy.
:check:Programmers create applications faster.
1.3 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TRANSLATORS
:star:
TRANSLATOR
: program that translates programming source code to machine language.
compiler
translates entire source code of high-level programming into machine language.
interpreter
translates high-level programming languages to machine language one line at a time.
assembler
translates programs written in assembly language into machine languages.
1.1 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
:star:
PROGRAM
: set of instructions tells computer to perform task and instructions must be written that computer can understand.
:star:
PROGRAM LANGUAGES
: set of words, symbols and codes that enables programmer give instruction to computer.
language that consists binary digits or English-like abbreviations to represent basic instructions to a computer
Low-level Languages
Assembly Languages
language that consists English-like abbreviations (Mnemonics) to represent intructions.
easier to learn compared to machine languages
:!:not readily understood by computers
:!:needs to translated into machine languages before executed.
:!:machine-dependent
Machine Languages
language that consists strings of binary digits (0 and 1) to represent instructions
readily understood by the computers because no need to translate before executed
:!:difficult to learn and understand.
:!:machine-dependent
:!:program lenghty; single instruction of machine corresponds to one operation.
consists of series of English like words to represent instructions to computer.
High-level Languages
:explode:Java
:explode:C++
:explode:COBOL
:explode:BASIC
:check:Easier to learn and understand.
:check:Programs shorter; single instructions of high-level languages corresponds to many operation.
:check:machine-independent.
:!:not readily understood by computers. need to translated to machine languages before executed.