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Functionalist (/NR) View on education - Coggle Diagram
Functionalist (/NR) View on education
Social Solidarity (Durkheim)
Learning the same curriculum results in value consensus
Individuals feel themselves part of the community, where people work together towards shared goals.
School is one of the few institutions which can perform the function in an advanced industrial society as a mass enforcement of rules is allowed on impressionable people.
Meritocracy (Davis and Moore)
Education is fair, providing equal opportunity, so each peron’s talents can be exploited to end up in high status jobs.
A combination of effort and ability determine who gets the best qualification and then the best jobs.
Bridge (Parsons)
Change between particularistic to universalistic standards.
Particularistic are applied in the family as they are specific to the individual, but the universalistic standards of school (expecting the same from eeveryone) are what are further applied in wider society, hence for it to function, everyone must be treated the same.
Role Allocation (Parsons)
Education provides a way of allocating people appropriate jobs through tiered qualifications
Industrial societies are hierarchical, some jobs such as doctors, are more important to the sustenance of a functional society than others, such as hairdressers.
Specialist skills for work (Durkheim)
Schools provide a diversity of qualifications which gradually become more specialised.
Industrial economies require a complex division of labour as many jobs are highly skilled.
Evaluation
Society is more meritocratic today than the 19th century,
Schools try to invoke social soloidarity through assembles, uniforms, and team citizenship lessons.
The view is ideological as it reflects the views of the powerful who tend to benefit from education.
Postmodernists argue that education kills creativity through teaching to the test.
Interactionsits argue that it ignores the negative experiences some students have in school such as bullying
Marxists argue that the education system is not meritocratic as class background influences educational achievement especially with private education.
Consumer Choice (Chubb and Moe)
Parentocracy makes schools answerable to parents.
They believed the state had failed too many pupils , private schools had bettter standards as parents were paying.
Proposing the introduction of a market system in education to raise standards. .
Makretisation allowed this choice.
Marketisation encourages teaching to the test.
benefits middle classes who can afford extra tuition
Pass rates improved by 2/3 between 1988-2013.