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RESISTANCE TO SOCIAL INFLUENCE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Asch's research also showed that if this 'non-conforming' peer starts conforming again, so does the naive participant
    - - Pressure to obey can be reduced if another person is seen to disobey
      - Milgram's research: independent behaviour increased in the disobedient peer condition (from 35% to 90%)
      - The participant may not follow the disobedient peer but the dissenter's disobedience frees the participant to act from their own conscience
    - - Asch's research showed that the dissenter doesn't have to give the 'right' answer
      - Simply someone else not following the majority frees others to follow their own conscience. The dissenter acts as a 'model'
      - Pressure to conform is reduced if other people are not conforming
  - - - People differ in how they explain successes and failures but it isn't simply about being internal or external. There is a continuum: high internal at one end and high external at the other, low internal and low external lay in-between
    - - People with internal LOC are more likely to resist pressures to conform or obey
      - If someone takes personal responsibility for their actions and experiences (good or bad) they are more likely to base their decisions on their own beliefs
      - People with high internal LOC are more self-confident, more achievement-orientated, have higher intelligence and less need for social approval. These personality traits lead to greater resistance
    - - Julian Rotter (1966) described internal versus external LOC
      - Internals believe things that happen to them are largely controlled by themselves (e.g., doing well/badly in an exam depends on how hard you work)
    - - Externals believe things happen outside their control. If they fail an exam then say it was because they had a bad teacher or had bad luck because the questions were hard