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henry vii background context - Coggle Diagram
henry vii background context
war of the roses
1422 henry vi inherited the throne which started the war of the roses
1437 he took personal control which caused problems as he was weak and easily dominated by his advisors
yorkists returned to england where richard of york claimed the crown
1461 richard of york was killed at the battle of wakefield and his son took the throne - edward iv
1469 edward iv established himself on the throne
1470 former yorkists unseated edrd - henry vi reinstated
1471 prince edward was murdered and henry vi stabbed to death
1483 edward iv died in april so edward fv succeeded him, within 3 months richard iii became king
proclaimed king by Lord Stanley on the battlefield at Bosworth on 22nd August 1485
consolidation of power
marriage
married elizabeth of york (yorkist) on 18th january 1486 - ultimately ended the war of the roses as the houses of york and lancaster were tied together
henry's claim to the throne was weak (margaret Beaufort - mother - relationship to her great-great grandfather john of gaunt)
number of rebellions should decrease by marrying a yorkist
rebellions did not decrease until a year after marriage
produce a male heir to continue tudor dynasty - arthur and henry (double secured tudor dynasty but arthur died young)
political actions
declared that his reign started on 21st august 1485 (day before bosworth)
could call anyone who fought for richard a traitor to the throne which resulted in land and titles being taken away from men, especially nobles - henry would absorb the land
act of attainders - anyone accused of treason would have their land and title taken off them, without any trial. henry was willing to reverse attainders if men proved their loyalty - 138 attainders passed and 46 were reversed
coronations on 30th october 1485 which deliberately took place before his first parliament and marriage because he wanted to prove that he was legitimate and had power by himself
first parliament 7th november 1485 - chose his advisors : uncle jasper Tudor, his mother, and Yorkists - show that yorkists and lancastrians were united in henry's reign
defeating rebellions
henry's strength in battle overall ended the war of the roses.
lovell 1486 - easily defeated by spies in the north
lambert simnel 1487 - ended in battle of stoke but henry showed his power and defeated yorkists
propaganda
created the tudor rose which was a combination of red rose from lancaster and white rose of york
named his first child after king arthur - show a symbol of honourable kingship
also made him king of wales to show henry's Welsh ancestry and the power he had in other countries
henry's aims as king
secure his throne
gain international recognition
dynasty's legitimate succession
promote prosperity
maintain prestige but keep costs down
before becoming king
brought up without his father and mother, then given to a yorkist. he was a lancastrian which may have been his reason behind uniting the two houses
exiled to france at age 14 to 27 therefore trained in a french court rather than an english one
already made foreign relations "the most useful training of any king in english history"
1485-1509