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LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM, NASHA RIAULINA HASIBUAN, 2208260226 - Coggle Diagram
LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM
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MUSCLE CONTRACTION
ACTION POTENTIAL
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Depolarization Stage
The membrane becomes permeable to sodium (Na) ions, so positively charged sodium (Na) ions diffuse into the axons so that the potential increases rapidly in the positive direction.
Repolarization Stage
Once the membrane is permeable to sodium (Na) ions, the sodium channels are closed and potassium (k) channels open and potassium (K) diffuses, making the membrane potential increase in a negative direction.
REALSES ACh AND Ca
Potensial aksi berjalan di sepanjang saraf motoric sampai serat otot
Disetiap disetiap ujung saraf mensekresikan zat neutransmitter yaitu Ach atau acsetilkolin
Asetilkolin membuka kanal kation yang disebut pintu aseltikolin
Pintu asetilkolin mengakibatkan ion natrium berdifusi ke bagian dalam emmbran serabut otot yang mengakibatkan depolarisasi yang mengakibatkan kanal natrium terbuka yang mengakibatkan adanya potensial aksi membrane
Potensial aksi mengakibatkan reticulum endoplasma mengeluarkan ion kalsium :
Ion kalsium mengawali kekuatan menarik antara filament aktin dan myosin yang bergeser dan menghasilkan kontraksi
TYPE OF MUSCLE MOVEMENT
Slow fibers (Type I, Red Muscle)
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Fast Fiber (Type II, White muscle)
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There is a large sarcoplasmic reticulum for the rapid release of calcium ions to initiate contractions
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NERVE IMPULS
Nerve impulses are stimuli/messages received by receptors from the outside environment, then carried by neurons or a series of electrical pulses that travel through nerve fibers. The action potential travelling along the membrane is called the nerve impulse. Impulse jumps from node to node and it increases with increase in the speed of nerve impulse.
ELECTRICAL SIGNAL
Any factor that causes sodium ions to begin to difuse into the membrane in suddicient quantities can lead to the automatic regenerative opening of sodium channels. this automatic regenerative opening can be the result of mechanical distrubces in the membrane, chemical effects on the membrane, or iselectric current across the membrane. various points in the body for generating nerve or muscle action potential: mechanical preasure to exite sensory nerve endings on the skin, chemiel neurotransmitter to transmit signals from one neuron to the next neuron in the brain, and an electrict current to transmit signals across between successive muscle cells in the heart an gut.
NEUROMUSKULAR JUNCTION
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a synaptic connection between the terminal end of a motor nerve and a muscle (skeletal/ smooth/ cardiac). It is the site for the transmission of action potential from nerve to the muscle. It is also a site for many diseases and a site of action for many pharmacological drugs.
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