Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM, PUTRI SRIKANDI ERDI 2208260228 - Coggle Diagram
LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM
MUSCLE CONTRACTION
The opening of the acetylcholine gated channels allows a large number of sodium ions to diffuses into the interior of the muscle fiber membrane.
Action potentials travel along the muscle fiber membrane in the same way that action potentials travel along nerve fiber membranes.
Acetylcholine acts locally on the muscle fiber membrane to open "acetylcholine-gated" cation channels through protein molecules floating on the membrane.
The action potential depolarizes the muscle membrane, and much of the action potential electricity flows through the center of the muscle fiber.
At each end, the nerve secretes small amounts of the neurotransmitter substance, namely acetylcholine.
Calcium ions initiate the attractive force between the actin and myosin filaments, which causes the two filaments to slide over each other, resulting in the contraction process.
-
SOURCE OF MUSCLE ENERGY
1) Phosphocreatine which contains a lot of ATP and can be used directly by the muscles but runs out quickly (about 5-8 seconds)
3) Oxidative phosphorylation is a combination of oxygen and glycolysis products but takes a long time to produce energy. Generally 95% of muscle energy sources are obtained from this source.
2) the process of glycolysis from glycogen forms pyruvic acid and lactic acid. This reaction does not require oxygen and energy formation is 2.5 times faster than the oxidative phosphorylation mechanism. However, due to the accumulation of lactic acid, muscles usually tire easily in a few minutes.
-
FAST AND SLOW MUSCLES
Slow Fibers (Type I, Red Muscle)
Endurance sports require the endurance of long-term muscle work, such as running a marathon, which is carried out by slow oxidative muscles.
Fast Fiber (Type |I, White Muscle)
Fast and short movements, especially in certain sports such as sprints, are carried out by fast oxidative and fast glycolytic muscles. Fast glycolytic muscle is reported to be slower than fast oxidative muscle.
-
ACTION POTENTIAL
Action potentials are generated by the opening of electrically gated sodium channels. Further, these channels are opened by a decrease in the normal resting membrane electrical voltage
ELECTRICAL SIGNAL
This automatic regenerative opening can be the result of mechanical disturbances in the membrane, chemical effects on the membrane. or iselectric current across the membrane. Various points in the body for generating nerve or muscle action potentials:
NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
The neuromuscular junction is the meeting area or synapse between the nerve cell membrane and the muscle membrane. It is in this area that stimulation from nerves to muscles occurs through a process called chemical synaptic transmission with the release of acetylcholine.
NERVE IMPULSE
(1) can be inhibited as it is transmitted from one neuron to the next,
(2) can be changed from a single impulse to a series of impulses, or
(3) can be combined with impulses coming from other neurons. to form very complex patterns of impulses that pass through a series of neurons. All of these functions can be classified as synaptic functions of the neuron.
-
-