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THEMES FOR ORAL - Coggle Diagram

- - - - rate of organ donation is still remarkably low despite the advancement in medical science
        
        religious reasons - practice Shinto and Buddhism - believe that body should not be divided after death
        
        history - Wada Incident - a doctor attempted a heart transplant but the recipient died soon after - raised questions concerning the choice made - negative perception from the public
        
        lack of media coverage and incentives
      - organs that can be donated
        
        lungs, heart, liver, pancreas, kidney, intestine
      - opt in system
    - - opt-out system - all adults are considered to have agreed on donating their organs when they die unless they decided not to or in the excluded group
        
        due to shortage of donors
      - organs that can be donated
        
        heart, lungs, liver, kidney, pancreas, small bowel, cornea, tissues and bones
      - how is it being promoted
        
        campaigns
        
        organ donation awareness week
        
        extensive media coverage
      - one of the countries with high donation rate
  - - - no scientific evidence of successful human cloning
      - south korean scientist claimed to have cloned human embryos in test tube but no proof was found
      - ethical consideration or issues
        
        funding for human cloning purposes - from taxpayers
        
        obtaining eggs required for the research from women
        
        many eggs are required but only few will survive
        
        beliefs and values
      - benefits
        
        help couples who are unable to conceive
        
        bring about desired change - eliminate negative traits - benefit society
        
        replace organs when it no longer function properly - no need for donors - save lives
      - ban
        
        many countries ban human cloning .
      - United States
        
        no laws banning cloning officially
        
        funding varies across states
        
        some states ban public funding for cloning research
        
        California allow public funding for cloning for biomedical research
        
        successful cloning
        
        scietists in Oregon successfully produced human embryonic stem cell from adult cells through cloning process (therapeutic cloning)
        
        ways to regenerate and replace damaged tissues and treat diseases
      - Italy
        
        strictest cloning and embryo laws
        
        illegal for the purpose of research and experimentation - all embryos created through IVF must be implanted into the mother, preventing leftover embryos from being used in laboratories
      - 2005: UNGA adopted a declaration to prohibit all forms of human cloning - incompatible with human dignity and protection of human life
    - - Dolly the sheep - first mammal to be cloned from adult cell
        
        proved the possibility of cloning
- - - - online class
        
        hard to adapt at first but eventually got used to it
        
        had to learn how to use online platforms for class. E.g: Zoom, Microsoft, Google Meet
        
        liked it as i got to study at my own pace at home
      - picked up new hobbies
      - spent more time with family - learned how to appreciate loved ones more
      - new norm
        
        social distancing
        
        wearing mask wherever i went
        
        was not able to meet up with relatives or friends
      - As an introvert, I enjoyed the time spent at home during lockdown
    - - sad
      - happy