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General discussion themes - Coggle Diagram
General discussion themes
Identities
Language and identity
role of the the mother tongue in shaping one's identity
significant impact on the personality and psychological development of an individual
shapes identity through childhood when parents teach the language
Comparison
Asian born in Asia
Speaks Chinese growing up
Easily connects to their culture by speaking Chinese
Asian born in America
some are not taught by their parents to speak their mother tongue
grow up speaking English
Has trouble connecting with their roots - not being able to speak Chinese becomes a barrier
Disconnected from their heritage, connects with the American culture instead & identifies as the pan-ethnic label 'Asian American'
The identity of being from a certain culture can still be connected through food, clothing, and cultural practices but speaking the native language is most impactful in shaping someone's identity
the identity of a bilingual
being bilingual includes not only the use of 2 languages, but in most cases, also the management of two cultures
gives a sense of reality and identity that is separate from monolinguals and monoculturals
however the divide between multiple cultures can lead to a loss of a sense of identity
The internal conflict of being bilingual
(Eg: Syrian speaking Arabic & English)
feeling like a non-native regardless of understanding in 2 cultures and literature
feeling estranged from the Arabic culture when delving into English literature
experiences can be affected by language, this may be hard to share with monolingual friends or family who will not understand or relate to the experience
having 2 identities, unable to fit in to only one identity and having to change identities with the language spoken
often have different personalities or different worldviews when speaking different languages
Language and culture
language can be considered a cultural tool to relate a community's values and ideals and is shaped and molded by these residents over time - anthropological linguist Daniel Everett
USA: AAVE and Black culture
AAVE (African American Vernacular English) is different from the standard American English dialect in its pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary
the style of spoken english used between Black and White people vary
it instils stereotypes on Black people that they are uneducated to their white compatriots
it is also often referred to as 'ghetto talk'
AAVE grammar may seem incorrect to the standard english: "
the pronunciation is sometimes stuttered and emphasised at certain parts: "she BIN had dat han'-made dress" - "she's had that hand-made dress for a long time, and still does
different phrases are used: "chile" - means something like "relax", "tea" - often referred to as gossip
AAVE is just another form or dialect of english, just as there is America, British, and Australian english
Sharing the planet
Human rights of disabled people
UN Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons
Disabled persons have the inherent right to respect for their human dignity. They have the same fundamental rights as their fellow-citizens of the same age, which implies first and foremost the right to enjoy a decent life, as normal and full as possible
Disabled persons have the same civil and political rights as other human beings
Disabled persons are entitled to the measures designed to enable them to become as self-reliant as possible
Disabled persons have the right to live with their families or with foster parents and to participate in all social, creative or recreational activities
Living with a disability in America
“My wheelchair equals ‘my legs.’ But under [Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services] rules, I can only get a new chair every five years,” says Burt Pusch, disability advocate
U.S. health care system fails to meet the needs of Americans with disabilities
edicare (government health insurance) - replaces equipment that is over 5 years
Many disabled people are war veterans with injuries/suffering diseases
challenges
difficulty finding medical practices with wheelchair-accessible equipment or clinicians who are cognizant of their unique risks
Young psychiatrist working in Ohio’s state psychiatric hospital, Julie Gentile, M.D., found none of her training had prepared her to help a patient with a severe intellectual disability admitted because of aggressive, possibly psychotic behavior.
face higher out-of-pocket health care costs and are more likely to live below the federal poverty level than those without disabilities
people living with disabilities receive lower-quality care and less preventive care, and have a higher incidence of chronic conditions than people without disabilities
poverty
64% want to work but are unable to
58% were unable to do their job as well as before their illness/disability
44% used up all their savings
lower labor force participation rates (19% of disabled Americans are employed Vs. global 65%)
disability benefit cap - if pay is more than $1,000 they cannot receive the benefit
stigma
Social avoidance
Condescension
Blaming
Stereotyping
Discrimination
Internalisation
Hate crimes and violence
Living with a disbility in Malaysia
only 10% of all disabled people are refistered as OKU
not inclusive - assumption that all OKU/PWD have equal access to information and forms online, a medical professional or district social welfare office, either geographically, physically and/or financially
cultural stigma - registering as an OKU is considered detrimental to the upward mobility of an individual
people registered as OKU enjoy greater accessibility
education & employment - financial institutions, rehabilitation/training opportunities
housing - low rental rate
transportation - 50% discount for all public transport, 50% discount on domestic flights for Malaysia Airlines
personal - Passport fee exemption, Medical treatment fee exemption at government hospitals
stigma
43% feel that children with disabilities would be disruptive in a mainstream class
58% of Malaysians surveyed feel under-informed about disability
1 in 3 people believe children with disabilities should be kept hidden
Equality vs equity
Equality
each individual or group of people is given the same resources or opportunities
Equity
each person has different circumstances and allocates the exact resources and opportunities needed to reach an equal outcome
Example: exam
Equality
: all students are given the same time to answer an exam paper
Equity
: students with mental disabilities (e.g: ADHD) are given more time to answer the same question but formatted in a different way for them to process the information better
The term
disability
may refer to a wide range of functional limitations, including physical, cognitive, developmental, and serious mental illness.
The biggest barrier for people with disability is how society disables them