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Chem Mock Revision - Coggle Diagram
Chem Mock Revision
Topic 6: Groups in the Periodic Table
Group 7
Halogens have 7 outer electrons and their reactivity decreases down the group as it becomes harder to gain an electron due to increased shielding. Halogens are diatomic molecules.
Group 1
Alkali Metals have one outer electron and their reactivity increases down the group as it becomes easier to lose an electron because the force of attraction is weaker. They all have relatively low melting and boiling points and are very soft.
Group 0
Noble gases have a full outer shell making them inert. They are all monoatomic colourless gasses that are non-flammable. This means they can be used to create an inert atmosphere for welding or make light sources since they light up without burning. Boiling and melting point increases down the group.
Halogen Displacement Reactions
Halogens can displace themselves or other less reactive non-metals due to displacement.
Topic 1: Types of Substances and Calculations Involving Mass
Bonding
Covalent bonding is between two non metals and involves the sharing of one or more electrons
Ionic bonding is between a metal and a non metal and involves the metal losing an electron to become reduced and the non metal gaining one to become oxidised
Metallic bonding is between metals and involves the metals being in a lattice structure with a sea of free electrons between them that attracts the positively charged ions
Calculations
Relative Formula Mass
The combined atomic mass of all the atoms in the formula added together
Conservation of Mass
Mass can not be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.The products and reactants will always have the same mass in a closed system.
Mass = Moles x RFM
Mass = Concentration x Volume
Topic 2: States of Matter and Mixtures
States of Matter
Liquid: Atoms somewhat close together but free to move so they can take the shape of any container. Freezes into a solid or evaporates into gas.
Gas: Atoms far away from each other that move around by colliding with each other. Atoms have the most energy in this state and fill any container. Condenses into liquid.
Solid: Atoms closely packed together that vibrate around a fixed point. Melts into a liquid or sublimes to a gas.
Mixtures
A mixture is a substance made of two or more different substances that are not chemically bonded and can be physically separated.